Organic Synthesis 1.5

Question 1

How do you get from alkane to haloalkane?

Answer 1

Halogen

UV light

Question 2

How do you get from alkene to alkane?

Answer 2

H2

Ni catalyst

Question 3

How do you get from alkene to haloalkane?

Answer 3

hydrogen halide

Question 4

How do you get from alcohol to alkene?

Answer 4

Concentrated sulphuric acid

Question 5

How do you get from alkene to alcohol?

Answer 5

Steam

Phosphoric acid catalyst

Question 6

How do you get from alcohol to haloalkane?

Answer 6

NaOH (aq)

Reflux

Question 7

How do you get from haloalkane to alcohol?

Answer 7

Sodium halide

Sulphuric acid

Question 8

How do you get from primary alcohol to carboxylic acid?

Answer 8

Acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7/H2SO4)

reflux

Question 9

How do you get from primary alcohol to aldehyde?

Answer 9

Acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7/H2SO4)

distil

Question 10

How do you get from secondary alcohol to ketone?

Answer 10

Acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7/H2SO4)

reflux

Question 11

How do you test for aldehyde/carboxylic acid/ketone?

Answer 11

• Tollen’s test (silver nitrate and ammonia) and silver mirror, therefore aldehyde
• React with carbonate, effervescence, carboxylic acid
• React with 24 DNP and orange precipitate, ketone