Organic Separatory Techniques Flashcards
What is found in the Organic layer?
uncharged, neutral
Less polar
immiscible with water
What is found in the Aqueous Layer?
water, charged ions
more polar
miscible with water
when is this method useful?
when you can convert what you are looking for into a charged species with the addition of an acid or base
therefore moving it from the organic layer to the aqueous layer
Distillation:
what does it do?
separates liquids via boiling point
more volatile liquids will boile when?
at lower temps
When do liquids boil at lower temps?
higher elevation due to atmospheric pressure being lower
when is boiling point reached?
when vapour pressure equals atmospheric pressure
What determines volitility?
strength of intermolecular forces
Higher polarity means what?
higher boiling point due to dipole dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding
What else can determine boiling point other than intermoleculat forces ?
molecular weight
higher weight = higher boiling point
What does fractional distilation do?
Separates liquids with very similar boiling points
Vacuum distillation does what?
removes some of the pressure therefore lowering the boiling point
Chromatography:
What is the mobile phase?
moving liquid or gas
Chromatography:
What is the stationary phase?
in the paper chrom- its the paper
in thin line (TLC) its the glass or plastic coated with layer of absorbant (silica gel)
What is the Retention Factor?
distance traveled by the compound / distance traveled by the solvent
