Atomic Structure Flashcards
matter made up of one type of element is called what?
an element ex gold
two or more atoms joined together is what?
a molecules
Protons
+ charge
1amu (atomic mas unit) = 1 Da (subatomic mass)
Found in nucleus (central core of atom)
Neutrons
Neutrons are similar
1amu (similar to proton)
Found in nucleus
Neutral charge
Electron
Negative charge
Negligible mass
Neg. charge equal to protons magnitude ( 1 + = 1 - )
Found in electron cloud surrounding nucleus
Cloud made of shells where they orbit around nucleus
Opposite charges attract
Attractive force binds electrons to nucleus
Electrons exist in an electron cloud surrounding the nucleus, a volume of space where electrons are most likely to be found at any given time. We can’t know with absolute certainty where within the electron cloud any particular electron is at a given time.
Electrons closest to the nucleus have what energy level?
lowest
Electrons in farthest shell away are valence and are responsible for what?
- Responsible for interactions
- Create chemistry between molecules
Atomic identity
Atomic number is what?
denoted at (Z)
written below the mass number
is the number of protons in the element
what is the Mass number?
denoted at (A) is the number of protons and neutrons
what is an Isotope?
atoms of the same element that has the same number of protons and electrons but with different number of neutrons
Atomic weight is what?
weighted average mass accounting for all isotopes
What is the molecular weight?
weight of molecule
what is an ion and what are negative and positive ones called?
Atoms loose or gain electrons and become charged
Positively charged Ions are called Cations (electron poor or proton rich)
Negatively charged Ions are called Anions (electron rich proton poor)
