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Chem UNIT 4 > Organic reactions and reaction pathways > Flashcards

Organic reactions and reaction pathways Flashcards

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1
Q

Define hydroxyl group

A

A combination of two functional groups attached to a single carbon atom

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2
Q

How do addition reactions work?

A

The double bonds in the alkene are broken to form a single bond when the new compound can bond. This will determine the name, eg. fluorine gas + propene = 1,2 difluoro propane

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3
Q

What 2 functional groups produce an Ester?

A

Alcohol and Carboxylic acid through condensation reaction

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4
Q

What are the different types of alcohols?

A

Primary (bonded to 1 carbon, Secondary (bonded to 2 carbons), Tertiary (bonded to 3 carbons)

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5
Q

What are the main types of alkane reaction types?

A

Substitution, Elimination, Combustion reactions

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6
Q

What are the main types of alkene reactions?

A

Addition

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7
Q

What can a carboxylic acid donate from its hydroxyl group?

A

H+ because its an acid

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8
Q

What does a carboxylic acid and amine form, and what kind of reaction is required?

A

Amide, condensation reaction

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9
Q

What does a condensation reaction require?

A

Sulfuric acid catalysts

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10
Q

What does a hydrolysis reaction require?

A

Water, dilute acid, heat

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11
Q

What does esterification mean?

A

Condensation reaction

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12
Q

What do nitriles react with to form a primary amine?

A

Hydrogen gas, catalyst is required for reaction (Ni or Pt)

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13
Q

What does the oxidation of a primary alcohol produce?

A

Aldehydes, then carboxylic acids

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14
Q

What does the oxidation of a secondary alcohol produce?

A

Ketone

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15
Q

What does the oxidation of a tertiary alcohol produce?

A

Tertiary alcohols cant undergo oxidation due to no O-H bonds able to be broken

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16
Q

What is the product of a ethanol and butanoic acid reaction?

A

Ethyl Butanoate and Water (H2o)

17
Q

What is the product of a methylnol and butanoic reaction?

A

Methybutanoate + water

18
Q

What is the reverse condensation reaction called?

A

Hydrolysis

19
Q

What is the structural difference between alkanes and alkenes

A

Alkanes have a single bond to carbon, whereas alkenes have a double bond

20
Q

What kind of reaction is require to form an amine from a haloalkane?

A

Substitution reaction

21
Q

What method can be used to observe different alcohols?

A

Colour change test, tertiary alcohol wont change colour

22
Q

What reaction do alcohols mainly use?

A

Oxidation reaction

23
Q

What type of reaction would occur to produce propan-2-ol from propene?

A

Addition (break the double bond), using heat, H+, H2o

24
Q

Why can amines accept protons?

A

Because they act as a base

Chem UNIT 4 (6 decks)

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