Organic Reactions Flashcards
What is heterolytic bond cleavage?
It is a covalent bond cleavage where one of the initially bonded atoms takes the bonding electron pair from the other atom.
What does heterolytic cleavage result in?
One atom becomes positively charged and left with 6 lone pairs, while the other atom becomes negatively charged and left with at least one lone pair.
What are the conditions that favour heterolytic bond cleavage?
- Presence of polar covalent bonds.
- Presence of a polar solvent.
- Low temperature.
What is a nucleophile?
A nucleophile is an atom or group of atoms that donates an electron pair to another atom, forming a covalent bond.
What is an electrophile?
An electrophile is an atom or group of atoms that accepts a lone pair of electrons to form a covalent bond.
What is an electrophile in terms of acids and bases?
An electrophile is a Lewis acid.
What is a nucleophile in terms of Lewis acid and bases?
A nucleophile is a Lewis base.
