Organic Nomenclature (2.4.3)

Question 1

Alkanes

Answer 1

Saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula C(n)H(2n+2).

Question 2

Alkenes

Answer 2

Hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond and have the general formula C(n)H(2n).

Question 3

Alkynes

Answer 3

An unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon triple bond and has the general formula C(n)H(2n-2).

Question 4

• For organic molecules, a prefix is used to identify the number of carbon atoms present.
• Alkanes end in “-ane”, alkenes end in “-ene”, and alkynes end in “-yne”.
• Alcohols (organic molecules with OH groups) end in “-ol”.

Answer 4

• For organic molecules, a prefix is used to identify the number of carbon atoms present.
• Alkanes end in “-ane”, alkenes end in “-ene”, and alkynes end in “-yne”.
• Alcohols (organic molecules with OH groups) end in “-ol”.

Question 5

Organic compounds have their own set of
nomenclature rules.

For organic molecules, a prefix is used to identify
the number of carbon atoms present. For example,
the prefix “prop-“ is used for organic molecules
containing three carbon atoms.

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing
only hydrogen and carbon. Alkanes are a class of
hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are bound
to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. Alkanes
are named by adding the suffix “-ane” to the prefix
indicating the number of carbon atoms present. For
example, butane is an alkane containing four carbon
atoms.

Alkenes are a class of hydrocarbons containing two
less hydrogen atoms than the equivalent alkane.
Alkenes are named using the suffix “-ene”. For
example, pentene is an alkene containing five
carbon atoms.

Alkynes are a class of hydrocarbons containing two
less hydrogen atoms than the equivalent alkene.
Alkynes are named using the suffix “-yne”. For
example, ethyne is an alkyne containing two carbon
atoms.

Alcohols are organic molecules which contain OH
groups. The suffix “-ol” indicates that the molecule
is an alcohol. For example, ethanol is an alcohol
which contains two carbon atoms.

Answer 5

Organic compounds have their own set of
nomenclature rules.

For organic molecules, a prefix is used to identify
the number of carbon atoms present. For example,
the prefix “prop-“ is used for organic molecules
containing three carbon atoms.

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing
only hydrogen and carbon. Alkanes are a class of
hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are bound
to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. Alkanes
are named by adding the suffix “-ane” to the prefix
indicating the number of carbon atoms present. For
example, butane is an alkane containing four carbon
atoms.

Alkenes are a class of hydrocarbons containing two
less hydrogen atoms than the equivalent alkane.
Alkenes are named using the suffix “-ene”. For
example, pentene is an alkene containing five
carbon atoms.

Alkynes are a class of hydrocarbons containing two
less hydrogen atoms than the equivalent alkene.
Alkynes are named using the suffix “-yne”. For
example, ethyne is an alkyne containing two carbon
atoms.

Alcohols are organic molecules which contain OH
groups. The suffix “-ol” indicates that the molecule
is an alcohol. For example, ethanol is an alcohol
which contains two carbon atoms.