Organic molecules Flashcards
what are monomers
The smaller units from which larger molecules are made
what are polymers
Polymers are molecules made from a large number of monomers joined together
examples of polymers
glucose
cellulose
glycogen
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
maltose
amino acid
sucrose
DNA
RNA
different types of glucose
alpha
beta
monosaccharides (sweet)
The monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made.
Example of a monomer
Glucose, fructose, galactose all common monosaccharides.
reaction between two monosaccharides
Condensation reaction between two monosaccharides forms a glycosidic bond.
(Glycosidic bond broken from ends inwards)
Disaccharides (sweet)
Formed by the condensation of two monosaccharides.
glucose + glucose
maltose
glucose + fructose
Sucrose
Glucose + Galactose
Lactose
Polysaccharides
Formed by the condensation of many glucose units.
- Starch and Glycogen both formed by condensation of Alpha Glucose.
- Cellulose formed by condensation of Beta Glucose.
Function of Starch
Store glucose for respiration
Function of Glycogen
Store glucose for respiration
structure related to function of Starch
-Large molecule SO insoluble SO doesn’t effect water potential of cell.
- Branched SO lots of ends SO glucose easily released for respiration.
- Coiled SO compact SO more can be stored.
Structure related to function of Glycogen
-Coiled SO compact
- Branched SO more ends So glucose can be quickly released for respiration.
-Large/insoluble So doesn’t effect water potential of cell.
