Organic Mental DisordersGeneral Hospital Psychiatry& Functional Disorders

Question 1

What is an emotional disorder

Answer 1

Reaction to illness an treatment which has symptoms as manifestations of the illness and treatment

Question 2

What is an organic mental disorder

Answer 2

Neurocognitive disorders:

Deficits in cognitive function
Acquired rather than developed

Question 3

What are examples of organic mental disorders

Answer 3

Delirium
Dementia
Amnesic syndromes

Question 4

What is delirium

Answer 4

Disturbance of attention, orientation and awareness that develops over a short period of time which presents as confusion or neurocognitive impairment

Question 5

What are the main features of delirium

Answer 5

• impairment of consciousness and attention
• Global disturbance of cognition
• psychomotor disturbance
• Sleep-wake cycle disturbances
• emotional disturbance

Question 6

What is the management for delirium

Answer 6

• Orientate patient to normal environement
• Hydrate
• feed the patient
• make sure their oxygen is normal
• Make sure they are not constipated
• Try make them as mobile as possible
• Treat any infections
• Review medications
• Fix the patients sleep pattern

Question 7

What is the treatment algorithm for rapid tranquillisation of an adult

Answer 7

1. De-escalat
2. oral antipsychotic such as Ariprazole - if already on anti-psychotic give lorazepam
3. IM Lorazepam or Promethazine

Question 8

What is dementia

Answer 8

Syndrome which is characterised by cognitive impairment which is chronic in nature

Question 9

What is an amnetic disorder

Answer 9

Syndrome of impairment of recent and remote memory

Question 10

What causes Korsakoff syndrome

Answer 10

Amnetstic disorder caused by thiamine (Vit B1) defficiency

Question 11

What is the presentation of Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 11

Acute confusional state
Ataxia
Opthalmoplegia

Question 12

What is the treatment of Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 12

High potency parenteral B1 replacement for 3-7

Question 13

how does alcoholic amnesic syndrome present (Korsakoff’s psychosis)

Answer 13

• Marked impairment of anterograde memory (ability to learn new information )
• Disturbance of time sense
• personality changes
• apathy
• loss of initiative

Question 14

What are the symptoms of depression

Answer 14

Symptoms need to be present for a month
- worse in the mornings - diurnal variation
- low mood
- anhedonia
- low energy
- low concentration
- suicidal thoughts
- hopelessness
- poor apetite
- weight loss
- sleep disturbance
- redued libido

Question 15

What is hypochondriacal disorder

Answer 15

Persistent preoccupation with having a serious illness

Question 16

What is factitious disorder

Answer 16

deliberately producing ,feigning or exaggerating symptoms due to a pathological need for the sick role

Question 17

What is malingering

Answer 17

deliberately producing ,feigning or exaggerating symptoms to escape from work or duty or financial gain

Question 18

What is bodily distress disorder

Answer 18

Bodily distress disorder is characterised by the presence of bodily symptoms that are distressing to the individual and excessive attention directed toward the symptoms, which may be manifest by repeated contact with health care providers

Question 19

What is dissociative neurological symptom

Answer 19

Dissociative neurological symptom disorder is characterised by the presentation of motor, sensory, or cognitive symptoms that imply an involuntary discontinuity in the normal integration of motor, sensory, or cognitive functions and are not consistent with a recognised disease of the nervous system, other mental or behavioural disorder, or other medical condition

Question 20

What is a functional disorder

Answer 20

Cause of the patients symptoms without detectable structural or biochemical abnormality