Organic Mental DisordersGeneral Hospital Psychiatry& Functional Disorders Flashcards
What is an emotional disorder
Reaction to illness an treatment which has symptoms as manifestations of the illness and treatment
What is an organic mental disorder
Neurocognitive disorders:
Deficits in cognitive function
Acquired rather than developed
What are examples of organic mental disorders
Delirium
Dementia
Amnesic syndromes
What is delirium
Disturbance of attention, orientation and awareness that develops over a short period of time which presents as confusion or neurocognitive impairment
What are the main features of delirium
- impairment of consciousness and attention
- Global disturbance of cognition
- psychomotor disturbance
- Sleep-wake cycle disturbances
- emotional disturbance
What is the management for delirium
- Orientate patient to normal environement
- Hydrate
- feed the patient
- make sure their oxygen is normal
- Make sure they are not constipated
- Try make them as mobile as possible
- Treat any infections
- Review medications
- Fix the patients sleep pattern
What is the treatment algorithm for rapid tranquillisation of an adult
- De-escalat
- oral antipsychotic such as Ariprazole - if already on anti-psychotic give lorazepam
- IM Lorazepam or Promethazine
What is dementia
Syndrome which is characterised by cognitive impairment which is chronic in nature
What is an amnetic disorder
Syndrome of impairment of recent and remote memory
What causes Korsakoff syndrome
Amnetstic disorder caused by thiamine (Vit B1) defficiency
What is the presentation of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Acute confusional state
Ataxia
Opthalmoplegia
What is the treatment of Wernicke’s encephalopathy
High potency parenteral B1 replacement for 3-7
how does alcoholic amnesic syndrome present (Korsakoff’s psychosis)
- Marked impairment of anterograde memory (ability to learn new information )
- Disturbance of time sense
- personality changes
- apathy
- loss of initiative
What are the symptoms of depression
Symptoms need to be present for a month
- worse in the mornings - diurnal variation
- low mood
- anhedonia
- low energy
- low concentration
- suicidal thoughts
- hopelessness
- poor apetite
- weight loss
- sleep disturbance
- redued libido
What is hypochondriacal disorder
Persistent preoccupation with having a serious illness
What is factitious disorder
deliberately producing ,feigning or exaggerating symptoms due to a pathological need for the sick role
What is malingering
deliberately producing ,feigning or exaggerating symptoms to escape from work or duty or financial gain
What is bodily distress disorder
Bodily distress disorder is characterised by the presence of bodily symptoms that are distressing to the individual and excessive attention directed toward the symptoms, which may be manifest by repeated contact with health care providers
What is dissociative neurological symptom
Dissociative neurological symptom disorder is characterised by the presentation of motor, sensory, or cognitive symptoms that imply an involuntary discontinuity in the normal integration of motor, sensory, or cognitive functions and are not consistent with a recognised disease of the nervous system, other mental or behavioural disorder, or other medical condition
What is a functional disorder
Cause of the patients symptoms without detectable structural or biochemical abnormality
