Organic Mental Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What makes a disorder an OMD>

A

Recognised as having an organic explanation
Acquired (i.e. not a LD)
Primary (brain) or secondary (e.g. endocrine)

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2
Q

What areas of mental health do OMDs affect?

A

Cognitive impairment e.g. memory, language, orientation, attention or executive function

Behavioural abnormalities

Mood changes

Psychotic symptoms

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3
Q

What are the major acute OMDs?

A

Delirium
Organic Mood disorder
Organic Psychotic disorder

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4
Q

What is delirium?

A

Transient & fluctuating global cognitive impairment with ass. behavioural changes

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5
Q

What are the defining characteristics of delirium?

A
  • Impaired attention/conc
  • Disorientated (Time, place, person)
  • Fluctuating arousal (quiet/drowsy –> agitated outburst) particularly at night
  • Perceptual problems e.g. hallucination
  • Mood changes
  • Delusions
  • Disorganised thinking & speech

Also ant memory, sleep/wake cycle and psychomotor problems

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6
Q

Virtually any neuro or systemic problem can –> delirium, what are the most common?

A
Infection
Drugs e.g. steroids/opioids (both common post-op)
Withdrawal e.g. alc
Alc use
Liver/kidney disease
Hypoxia

Lot’s of others in brain, vit deficiencies, metabolic problems and endocrinopathies

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7
Q

What are the commonest chronic OMDs?

A

Dementia
Amnesic Syndrome
ORganic Personality Change

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8
Q

What makes dementia different to Delirium?

A

It’s a chronic and progessive global cognitive impairment,

It also doesn’t fluctuate much

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9
Q

Define amnesic syndrome?

A

Ant AND Retrograde amnesia with preserved intellectual abilities, working memory & procedural memory

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10
Q

What can cause amnesic syndrome>?

A

Hippocampal damage e.g. HSV or bilateral post-cerebral art occlusion

Diencephalic damage e.g. Korsakoff’s syndrome, 3rd ventricle tumours and post-subarachnoid haemorrhage problems such as ant communicating art aneurysm

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