Organic - Introdution Flashcards
what is an empirical formula?
the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
what is a molecular formula?
the true number of atoms of each element in a compound
what is a general formula?
a formula followed by all members of a homologous series
what is a structural formula?
formula that shows the structural arrangement of atoms within a molecule
what is a displayed formula?
shows every atom and every bond in an organic compound
what does a skeletal formula show?
only bonds in a compound and any non carbon atoms
vertices are carbon atoms
hydrogen is assumed to be bonded to them unless stated otherwise
what is a homologous series?
group of chemicals that can be represented by a general formula and have similar chemical properties
what is the relationship between chain length and boiling point?
boiling point increases as chain length does
in a reaction mechanism, what is shown by a curly arrow?
movement of a pair of electrons
what are isomers?
molecules with the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms within the molecule
what are structural isomers?
molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangement of atoms
what are position isomers?
same molecular formula, functional group in a different position on the carbon chain
what are functional group isomers?
different arrangement of the same molecular formula so the molecule has a different functional group
what are stereoisomers?
molecules with the same molecular formula but different spatial arrangement
what type of isomerism is E-Z isomerism?
stereoisomerism
