Organic Compounds Flashcards
What element do organic compounds contain?
Carbon
What is the biological origin of organic compounds?
They have a biological origin.
What food substances are included in organic compounds?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, enzymes, and vitamins.
What type of compounds are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?
Chain-like compounds formed by joining together many similar units.
What is a monomer?
The single building block of polymers.
What is a polymer?
A chain formed when monomers join together.
What does ‘mono’ mean?
1 (or single).
What does ‘poly’ mean?
Many.
What is the relationship between monomers and polymers?
Monomers combine to form polymers.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides.
What are the monomers of proteins?
Amino acids.
What are the monomers of lipids?
Fatty acids and glycerol.
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides.
What is the process of synthesizing polymers?
Monomers join together to make polymers.
What type of reactions are involved in polymer synthesis?
Anabolic reactions, dehydrolysis, or dehydration synthesis.
What happens for each bond formed between monomers during polymer synthesis?
1 water molecule is given off.
What is the definition of dehydration synthesis?
The formation of complex molecules by the chemical removal of water.
What is the process of breaking down polymers?
Polymers are broken down to form monomers.
What type of reactions are involved in polymer breakdown?
Catabolic reactions or hydrolysis.
What happens for each bond broken during polymer breakdown?
1 water molecule is added.
What is the definition of hydrolysis?
The breaking down of complex substances by the chemical addition of water.
