Organic Chemistry synthetic routes

Question 1

Mechanism from Alkenes to alkanes

Answer 1

add H2 electrophilic addition with a nickel catalyst

Question 2

Mechanism from Alkanes to haloalkanes

Answer 2

Free radical substitution with UV light and a hydrogen halide/ halogen.

Question 3

Mechanism from Alkenes to haloalkanes

Answer 3

Electrophilic addition of hydrogen halide e.g. HBr

Question 4

Mechanism from Alkenes to alcohols

Answer 4

electrophilic addition with acid catalyst

Question 5

Mechanism from alcohols to alkenes

Answer 5

Dehydration

Question 6

Mechanism from alcohols to Ketones

Answer 6

Oxidisation of a secondary alcohol by reflux. heat with K2Cr2O7 (Potassium dichromate) catalyst.

Question 7

Mechanism from alcohols to aldehydes

Answer 7

primary alcohol oxidisation by distillation heat with K2Cr2O7 (Potassium dichromate) catalyst. or H2SO4

Question 8

Mechanism from alkenes to polymers

Answer 8

Polymerisation

Question 9

Mechanism from alcohols to carboxylic acids

Answer 9

Oxidisation of primary alcohol under reflux

Question 10

Mechanism from alcohols to haloalkanes

Answer 10

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 11

Mechanism from haloalkanes to alcohols

Answer 11

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 12

Mechanism from aldehydes to carboxylic acids

Answer 12

Oxidisation under reflux

Question 13

What does oxidisation through reflux do to primary alcohols?

Answer 13

It forms a carboxylic acid

Question 14

What does oxidisation through reflux do to secondary alcohols?

Answer 14

It forms a ketone. A k2Cr2O7 catalyst is normally needed though.