Organic Chemistry- Optical Isomerism

Question 1

Define structural isomers

Answer 1

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 2

Define stereoisomerism

Answer 2

Compounds that have the same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space

Question 3

Two types of stereoisomers

Answer 3

E/Z isomers

Question 4

What does E/Z isomerism occur due to?

Answer 4

Restricted rotation of the planar double C=C

Question 5

Define optical isomers

Answer 5

Non-superimposable mirror images

Question 6

Principal of showing optical isomerism

Answer 6

4 different groups attached to central chiral carbon

Question 7

How can you differ between two enantiomers?

Answer 7

Shine polarised light
Enantiomers will rotate by equal amounts
But in opposite directions

Question 8

Define racemic mixture

Answer 8

A mixture containing equal amounts of two enantiomers

Question 9

How does a racemic mixture form?

Answer 9

Intermediate is trigonal planar
Equal probability of nucleophile attacking from above or below
Equal amount of optical isomer formed