Organic Chemistry- Alcohol Flashcards
What are the two different ways to prepare ethanol?
Fermentation
Hydration of ethene
What are the reagents of fermentation?
Glucose
Yeast
What are the conditions of fermentation?
30-40
Aqueous
Anaerobic
What is the equation for fermentation?
C6H12O6-> 2C2H5OH + 2CO
What are the disadvantages of fermentation over the hydration of ethene?
Batch process
Not 100% atom economy
Impure
Very slow
Define a biofuel
A fuel derived from a renewable biological source
What is the test for a carboxylic acid?
Add sodium carbonate
Positive result- Carboxylate salt
General formula of alcohols
CnH2n+1OH
What is the functional group of alcohols?
R-OH
What is a primary alcohol?
An alcohol that has 1 R group attached to the central C
What is a secondary alcohol?
An alcohol that has 2 R groups attached to the central C
What is a tertiary alcohol?
An alcohol that has 3 R groups attached to the central C
What are the functional group isomers of alcohols? (ethanol)
Ethers
ethoxyethane
What type of bonds exist between alcohols?
Hydrogen bonding
What is a carbon neutral fuel?
A fuel that uses the same amount of CO2 from the atmosphere than releases back into the atmosphere
What is the argument that fermentation is carbon neutral?
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
2C2H5OH + 6O2 -> 4CO2 + 6H2O
Why is fermentation not carbon neutral?
Fossil fuels are needed to power the machinery, fertilise the crop, harvest eh crop
What is the disadvantages to the use of crops for the production of fuel?
Deforestation
Land use to grow crops cant be used to grow food
Loss of habitat
