Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Acetylene
The common name for the smallest alkyne.
Allene
The common name for a three-carbon alkene.
Carbonyl Group
A carbon doubly bonded to an oxygen.
Enol
A compound with a carbon-carbon double bond and an OH group bonded to one of the sp2 carbons.
Ketone
A compound that has two alkyl groups bonded to a carbonyl group.
Aldehyde
A compound that has at least one hydrogen bonded to a carbonyl group.
Tautomers
Isomers that are in rapid equilibrium.
What are the relative acid strengths of water, hydrogen fluoride, ethyne, ethene, ethane and ammonia?
HF > H2O > ethyne > NH3 > ethene > ethane
pKa = 3.2 15.7 25 36 44 60
What are the relative electronegativities of carbon atoms based on their hybridizations?
most sp > sp2 > sp<strong>3 </strong>least
Colligative Properties
Properties of fluids that depend upon the number of particles, not the mass.
The position of a carbonyl stretch in the IR is propotional to the _____.
bond order
What type of IR motions do not typically yield and absorption?
Symmetrical
Why are there no splitting patterns in 13C NMR spectroscopy?
The abundance of 13C is too low for splitting to be accurate
What is responsible for an alkene proton appearing so far downfield as 5-7 ppm?
Anisotrophy, which is a term used to describe electron-dense systems.
What functional groups has been identified to exhibit Fermi Resonance?
Aldehydes
The trans isomer of 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol is ____ polar than the cis isomer.
less
In experiment 7, after MEK was removed, why was an extraction performed using NaOH as the aqueous phase?
To dissolve any remaining starting material in the aqueus layer
Upon bombardment of a compound with a single electron during mass spectrocopy, __ electron(s) are lost and a __ charged compound is formed.
Column Holdup
The residual liquid left in a distillation apparatus.
