organic chemistry

Question 1

Rosenmund reaction / catalytic hydrogenation

Answer 1

RCOCl + H2 (Pd, BaSO4) gives RCHO + HCl

Question 2

Kolbe reaction

Answer 2

Phenol with NaOH gives sodium benzoate with CO2 gives ONa COONa (on benzene) with H3O+ gives salicylic acid

Question 3

Reimer Tiemann

Answer 3

Phenol with NaOH gives ONa with NaOH and CHCl3 gives ONa CHCl2 with H3O+ gives salicylaldehyde

Question 4

Etard reaction

Answer 4

Toluene with CrO2Cl2 and CS2 gives CH(OCrOHCl2)2 with hydrolysis gives benzaldehyde

Question 5

Toluene to benzaldehyde

Answer 5

Toluene with CrO3 and (CH3CO)2O gives CH(OCOCH3)2 with hydrolysis gives benzaldehyde

Question 6

Gattermann-Koch reaction

Answer 6

Benzene with CO, HCl, anh. AlCl3 or CuCl gives benzaldehyde

Question 7

Gattermann reaction

Answer 7

Benzene diazonium chloride with Cu/HCl or Cu/HBr gives chlorobenzene or bromobenzene

Question 8

Preparation of benzoic acid

Answer 8

Any alkyl chain on benzene with alkaline KMnO4 and hydrolysis form benzoic acid

Question 9

Clemmensen’s reduction

Answer 9

Zn.Hg / HCl converts carbonyl group to CH2