Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Final Exam Reviewer > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Organic derivatives of ammonia ( NH3 ) in which one or more alkyl cycloalkyl or aromatic groups replace hydrogen and bond to the nitrogen atom

A

Ammines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The -NH2 group of a primary amine can be thought of as an___ group

A

Amino

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Thus secondary and tertiary amines possesses____ amino groups

A

Substituted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

For di- and trisubstituted amines, the non-parent chains are indicated as ___bonded

A

N

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Involve an amine- type nitrogen bond to an aromatic ring.

A

Aromatic amines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The simplest case for aromatic amines is

A

Aniline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Skeletal and positional isomers for amines are

a. possible
b. impossible

A

A. Possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In skeletal isomers the carbon chain components of the amines

a. same
b. differ

A

B . differ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Amines tend to be gases for____cases

A

Low molecular weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Heavier amines are____ at room temperature

A

Liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

One very noticeable thing about amines is that they tend to___& for example some have___ smell

A

Exhibit strong odors, fishy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Amine boiling points are ____of those for alcohols and alkanes of similar molar mass

A

Intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Amines tend to be____ because of H- bonding interaction with water molecules

A

Water soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Water solubility decreases as:

A

Chain length increases

the degree of N- substitution increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

One of the few examples of a weak base in amines

A

Ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The resulting ion ( NH4+ ) is called an

A

Ammonium ion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Amines react with water to produce

A

Ammonium like species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A substituted ammonium ion results from the reaction between an

A

Amine and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Amines are better basis than oxygen containing compound

A. True
B. False

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ethers and alcohols have no significant basicity in water

A. True
B. False

A

A. True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Amines because they are____ can react with acids in neutralization reactions

A

Basic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The reaction when react with acid in neutralization reaction produces an

A

Amine salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Amin salts are water soluble

a. true
b. false

A

A. True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Miny pharmaceutical processes nitrogen centers that are protonated to the ammonium form to make them water soluble or to stabilize them ( they are often called_____ )

A

Hydrochlorides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The neutral form of an amine drug is often called
Free-base form
26
NH3 + Alky halide ( base )
1° amine
27
1° amine + alkyl halide (base)
2° amine
28
2° amine + alkyl halide ( base )
3° amine
29
3° amine + Alkyl halide ( base)
Quaternary ammonium salt
30
Involving structures that possess non-carbon atoms
Heterocyclic compounds
31
The purine structure is present in
Caffeine (drug) adenine guanine (DNA)
32
The heme , a component of hemoglobin in heterocyclic amines is present in
Bloodstream
33
The porphyrine ring in nitrogen heterocycle is used for
Oxygen transport in the body
34
Substances that are released at the end of the nerve which travel across the synaptic gap to another nerve and trigger a nerve impulse by binding to a chemical receptor site
Neurotransmitters
35
A central nervous system stimulant
Epinephrine ( adrenaline )
36
Responsible for the symptoms experienced during hay fever
Histamine
37
(Present in a medication) bind to these same receptor sites and block the histamine response
Antihistamines
38
There are some very important nitrogen containing plant extracts (alkaloids) that are used in medicinal science ( all of which are amines )
Alkaloids
39
Possess a functional group that consists of a C=O ( carbonyl ) directly bound to a nitrogen
Amides
40
Functional group involves a nitrogen atom ( and lone pair ) but unlike an amine the nitrogen center is not basic due to the electron withdrawing effect of the C=O group
Amide
41
One of the simplest amides formed by reaction between co2 and ammonia in a series of metabolic reactions
Urea
42
Is an aromatic amide
Acetaminophen
43
Derived from barbituric acid are cyclic amides made from urea and malonic acid
Barbiturates
44
Amides do not have a basic non-bonding pair of electrons like amines A. True B. False
A. True
45
The simplest amides (methanamide, N- methyl , N, N- dimethyl derivatives ) are liquids at room temperature and all unbranched amides having two or more carbons on their c change side or solids a True b false
A. True
46
The secondary and tertiary amides have lower melting points with tertiary amides having lower melting points than secondary amides A. True B. False
A. True
47
Reactions that make esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols are called____ reactions
Esterification
48
Reactions that make amides from carboxylic acids and amines are called____
Ammonification
49
( bulletproof vest ) Is also a polyamide
Kevlar
50
Simplest aromatic carboxylic acid
Benzoic acid
51
Are strongly polar because they have two polar groups A. True B. False
A. True
52
Form hydrogen bonds with many water molecule With one to four carbon atoms are very soluble in water As the number of carbon increases the solubility of the carboxylic acid in water is reduced
Carboxylic acids
53
Carboxylic acid are A. Strong B. Weak
B. Weak
54
Are used as preservatives and flavor enhancers
Carboxylic acid salts
55
Use in cheese and breads
Sodium propionate
56
Inhibits growth of mold and bacteria and is added to fruit juices, margarine, relishes , salads and jams
Sodium benzoate
57
Added to meats, fish , vegetables and baked goods to enhance flavor
Monosodium glutamate or MSG
58
Are ionic compounds with strong attractive forces between ions
Carboxylic acid salts
59
Carboxylic acid salts are solids at room temperature A. True B. False
A. True
60
Carboxylic acid salts are usually soluble in water and have high melting points A. True B. False
A. True
61
Found in fats and oils
Esters
62
Responsible for the aroma and flavor of bananas oranges and strawberries
Esters
63
Used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation
Aspirin
64
Is an ester of salicylic acid and acetic acid
Aspirin
65
Used to sooth sore muscles
Oil of wintergreen
66
Is an ester of salicylic acid and methanol
Oil of wintergreen
67
Give pleasant fragrances and flavors to many fruits and flowers
Esters
68
Is the reaction of a carboxylic acid and alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst to produce an ester
Esterification
69
Responsible for the smell of pears
Prophylethanoate
70
An ester reacts with water to produce a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
Acid hydrolysis
71
Is the reaction of an ester with a strong base Produces the salt of the carboxylic acid and alcohol
Base hydrolysis or saponification
72
Contains a nonpolar and that dissolves in nonpolar fats and oils and the polar end that dissolves in water
Soap
73
Forms group of soap molecules called ___that dissolve in water and are washed away
Micelles
74
Heating a carboxylic acid in an alcohol solvent containing a small amount of strong acid produces an esters from the alcohol and acid
Fischer Esterification
75
Useful for determining the presence or absence of a carbonyl group in a molecule of unknown structure
C NMR
76
The local geometry around the carbonyl group is
Trigonal planar
77
Have H- atom or a carbon substituents bound to a CHI group
Aldehydes
78
Have two carbon substituents alkyl , cycloalkyl , aromatic and not necessarily the same)
Ketones
79
Have an OH ( hydroxyl ) group bound to the carbonyl carbon in addition to either each atom or a carbon group alkyl, cycloalkyl aromatic )
Carboxylic acid
80
Have a carbonyl group singly bound to an oxygen
Esters
81
First nitrogen containing organic compound
Amides
82
Aldehydes are often recognizable by their ___smells
Sweet
83
When aldehydes and ketones react with alcohols in the presence of an acid the resulting product is called a
Hemiacetal
84
Sulfur containing carbonyl groups that is an excellent solvent that can dissolve a wide variety of polar and nonpolar substances
DMSO

Final Exam Reviewer (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions