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Chem 30 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Prefix for 1

A

methane

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2
Q

Prefix for 2

A

ethane

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3
Q

Prefix for 3

A

propane

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4
Q

Prefix for 4

A

butane

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5
Q

Prefix for 5

A

pentane

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6
Q

Prefix for 6

A

hexane

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7
Q

Prefix for 7

A

heptane

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8
Q

Prefix for 8

A

octane

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9
Q

Prefix for 9

A

nonane

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10
Q

Prefix for 10

A

decane

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11
Q

Structural formula

A

shows all hydrogens bonded to carbons; more spread out

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12
Q

Condensed forumula

A

bonds written in a single line to save space

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13
Q

Line formula

A

each end of the line reps a carbon and each carbon is ssumed to have the right amount of hydrogens bonded to it

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14
Q

General formula for Alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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15
Q

What kind of bonds do alkanes have?

A

single

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16
Q

Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated?

A

saturated

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17
Q

What does it mean to be saturated?

A

each C has a max number of H’s attached; no double or triple bonds

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18
Q

What kind of bond does saturated apply and do not apply to?

A

does apply to C-C, does not to C-O

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19
Q

Structural Isomers

A

have the same molecular formula, but different structures and names

20
Q

General formula for Alkenes

A

CnH2n

21
Q

Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated?

A

unsaturated

22
Q

What kind of bond do alkenes have?

A

at least one double C-C bond

23
Q

What does it mean to be unsaturated?

A

there is a multiple bond and they can accept more H’s

24
Q

What should the name of an alkene end in?

A

“ene”

25
Q

General formula for alkynes

A

CnH2n-2

26
Q

Are alkynes saturated or unsaturated?

A

unsaturated

27
Q

What type of bond do alkynes have?

A

at least one triple C-C bond

28
Q

What should the name of alkynes end in?

A

“yne”

29
Q

What can be used to test for saturation in an organic compound?

A

Br2

30
Q

What color is a Br2 solution?

A

orange/reddish-brown

31
Q

What happens to bromine if added to an unsaturated solution? Why?

A

changes to colorless; dbl bond in hydrocarbon breaks and allows bromine to attach (bromine isn’t Br2 anymore)

32
Q

What happens to bromine if added to a saturated solution? Why?

A

stays orange/reddish-brown; nowhere for bromine to bond

33
Q

When doing a saturation test with bromine, if a compound shows single bonds, what would the saturation be? What would happen to the color of the bromine?

A

it would be saturated and would stay orange

34
Q

When doing a saturation test with bromine, if a compound shows double/triple bonds, what would the saturation be? What would happen to the color of the bromine?

A

it would be unsaturated and would turn colorless (C-C)

35
Q

What does color change mean in terms of saturation?

A

unsaturated

36
Q

What does no color change mean in terms of saturation?

A

saturated

37
Q

General formula for cycloalkanes

A

CnH2n

38
Q

General formula for cycloalkenes

A

CnH2n-2

39
Q

Where is the double bond always located in cycloalkenes?

A

between carbon 1 and 2

40
Q

Aromatic hydrocarbons

A

contain one or more benzene rings

41
Q

Aliphatic hydrocarbons

A

(alkanes, enes, ynes, cyclic) do not contain a benzene ring

42
Q

Benzene

A

C6H6

43
Q

How to identify a benzene structure

A

has 3 alternating double bonds or has a circle in the centre of the hexane

44
Q

Phenyl vs Benzene

A

P: when benzene is as a branch
B: its structure is part of the parent chain

45
Q

Alcohols

A

organic compounds with one or more hydroxyl (OH groups)

46
Q

Difference between OH- and OH

A

OH-: hydroxide, base (KOH)
OH: hydroxyl, neutral (C2H5OH)

47
Q
A

Chem 30 (3 decks)

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