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organic chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

what is crude oil

A

a mixture of hydrocarbons

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2
Q

what is crude oil formed from

A

the remains of biomass

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3
Q

what is a finite resource

A

one that will run out

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4
Q

why is oil a finite resource

A

because it takes longer to form than the rate which we are using by it up

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5
Q

what is a hydrocarbon

A

a compound made of atoms if carbon and hydrogen only

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6
Q

what is an alkane

A

a hydrocarbon with only single bonds

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7
Q

what’s are the first 4 alkanes

A

methan, ethane, propane, butane

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8
Q

what is the general formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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9
Q

how does the boiling point change with the length of an alkane

A

the longer the alkane the higher its boiling point

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10
Q

what does viscous mean

A

thicj

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11
Q

how does viscousity change with the length of an alkane

A

the longer the alkane the more viscous it is

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12
Q

how does flammability change with the length of an alkane

A

the longer the alkane the less flammable it is

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13
Q

what is fractional disstilation

A

a proves used to seperate mixtures of substances with different boiling points

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14
Q

what are the steps involved in fractional disstilation

A

crude oil is vaporised, different molecules rise up the fractionating collin and cool down.condense at different point on the collum

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15
Q

why is fractional dissilation important

A

because the different fractions have different uses

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16
Q

what are 5 fuels obtained from crude oils

A

petrol, diesel, kerosene, heavy fuel oil and liquified petroleum gases

17
Q

apart from fuels what other uses are there for products of fractional disstilation

A

solvents lubricants polymers and detergents

18
Q

what is combustion

A

the reaction of fuel with oxygen

19
Q

what’s the the products of complete combustion

A

carbon dioxide and water

20
Q

when does incomplete combustion occur

A

when there is not enough oxygen present

21
Q

what is cracking

A

the prices of breaking down a long hydrocarbon into smaller hydrocarbons

22
Q

what are the products of cracking

A

short alkanes and alkenes

23
Q

why is cracking important

A

because small hydrocarbon are more useful

24
Q

what are the two types of cracking

A

catalytic and steam cracking

25
Q

what are alkenes

A

hydrocarbon with double bonds.they are more reactive

26
Q

what are alkenes used for

A

as a starting material to make more useful chemicals

27
Q

what do you test for alkenes

A

react bromine with water if it has alkenes it turns orange to colourless

Chemistry (7 decks)

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