Organic chemistry

Question 1

what is a fuel

Answer 1

a substance which when burned, releases heat energy

Question 2

what are examples of fossil fuels

Answer 2

• petroleum
• coal
• natural gas

Question 3

what are organic compounds

Answer 3

carbon compounds that come from leaving things

Question 4

what are hydrocarbons

Answer 4

organic compounds that only contain carbon and hydrogen

Question 5

what is needed for fossil fuels to form

Answer 5

• heat
• pressure
• NO oxygen
• remains of living organisms that lived millions of years ago

Question 6

what is petroleum

Answer 6

also know as crude oil, is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons which also contains natural gas
it is a thick, sticky, black liquid that is found under porous rock

Question 7

what is refining petroleum

Answer 7

when petroleum gets separated into different groups of compounds of similar size
this is carried out by fractional distillation
the groups of fractions are called fractions

Question 8

why does fractional distillation work

Answer 8

because compounds have different boiling points

Question 9

name the fraction names in order

Answer 9

1. refinery gas
2. gasoline
3. naphtha
4. kerosene (paraffin)
5. diesel oil (gas oil)
6. fuel oil
7. lubricating fraction
8. bitumen