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Chemistry paper 2 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is crude oil

A

A finite resource
Found in rocks
Remains of ancient biomass consisting mainly of plankton that was buried in mud

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2
Q

What are the first 4 members of the alkanes

A

Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane

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3
Q

Formula for alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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4
Q

Formula for alkenes

A

CnH2n

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5
Q

What are 4 useful materials which modern life depends on, produced by the petrochemical industry

A
  • Lubricants
  • Solvents
  • Polymers
  • Detergents
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6
Q

Products of complete combustion of a hydrocarbon

A
  • Water
  • Carbon dioxide
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7
Q

What is cracking

A

Cracking is the process in which larger chain hydrocarbons are broken down into smaller, more useful molecules

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8
Q

Test for alkene

A

Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes
- So react with bromine water
- Will go orange to colourless if it is an alkene

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9
Q

What type of hydrocarbon has a carbon-carbon double bond

A

Alkene

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10
Q

Describe a general reaction of an alkene with oxygen

A
  • Combustion reactions
  • Tend to burn in air with smoky flames due to incomplete combustion
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11
Q

What do alkenes react with, and how?

A

Hydrogen
Water
Halogens

Happens because of an addition of atoms across the double bond, and makes it a single bond

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12
Q

Functional group of alcohols

A

OH

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13
Q

list the first 4 members of a homologous series of alcohols.

A

Methanol
Ethanol
Propanol
Butanol

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14
Q

What are the conditions used for fermentation of sugar using yeast.

A
  • Air lock
  • Temp between 25-35°C
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15
Q

What is the functional group for carboxylic acids

A

COOH

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16
Q

what happens when any of the first four carboxylic
acids react with carbonates

A

Form a salt, water and carbon dioxide

17
Q

what happens when any of the first four carboxylic
acids dissolve in water

A

Form acidic solutions with pH values less than 7

18
Q

what happens when any of the first four carboxylic
acids react with alcohols

A

Forms an ester

19
Q

What is condensation polymerisation

A

involves monomers with two functional groups. When these types of monomers react they join
together, usually losing small molecules such as water.

Chemistry paper 2 (5 decks)

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