Organic chemistry Flashcards
how is crude oil formed
plankton being buried under high pressure and time
what happens to the viscosity as you increase the size of a hydrocarbon
the viscosity increases and substances with a high viscocity flow slowly
what happens to the flamability as you increase the size of a hydrocarbon
short chain hydrocarbons combust easily
what happens to the boiling point as you increase the size of a hydrocarbon
the short chain hydrocarbons have low boiling points and the boiling poit increases as you go down
describe fractional distilation
it is distilation where the temperature is highest at the bottom and colder at the top. very short chains are left as gasses and very long chain are left as liquid
what is catalytic cracking
when alkanes are broken down into a shorter chain alkane and an alkene using high temperatures and a catalyst
why are alkenes useful
they are needed to make polymers
they are more reactive than alkanes
what is hydrogenation
when an alkene reacts with hydrogen to form and alkane
what is the product of hydration of an alkene
an alcohol
what is the product of a reaction between bromine and ethene
dibromoethane
what is the advantage of making ethanol through hydration
it has a high percentage yield
what is the disadvantage of making ethanol through hydration
it requires a high temperature and is non renewable
what is the advantage of making ethanol through fermentation
it does not require a lot of energy and the sugar for the reaction comes from plants nmaking the process renewable
what is the disadvantages of making ethanol through fermentation
it has to take place in anaerobic conditions and the products are in an aqueous solution meaning energy is required for distilation
what is the product of a reaction between an oxidising agent and an alcohol
(ethanol + oxygen)
a carboxylic acid and water
(ethanoic acid + water)
