Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Organic Chemistry
Molecules containing carbon atoms with the exception of CO2, CO, Diamond, graphite, carbonate (Bicarbonates), Carbides and cyanides
Hydrocarbons
Compounds that contain Carbon and hydrogen Atoms only
Functional group
An atom or a group of atoms that form the centre of chemical activity in the molecule
Homologous series
A series of similar compounds which have the same functional group and have the same general formula in which each member differs from the previous one by a single CH2 unit
Alkanes
Contain only single bonds
Alkenes
Contain at least one double bond between carbons
Alkynes
Contain at least one triple bond between carbons
Molecular formula
Chemical formula which shows how many atoms of each element there are within molecule
Structural formula
A diagram which shows exactly where each atom within a molecule is found
Condensed structural formula
Shows how many hydrogen atoms, and or other atoms, Are connected to each carbon atom
Catenation
The ability of a carbon to bond with itself
Saturated compound
A compound in which all of the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds
Unsaturated compound
A compound in which there is at least one double/triple bond between carbon atoms
Combustion
A chemical reaction where a substance burns in oxygen and releases energy and a gas
Esterification
When are carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester. The reaction is catalysed by concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4)
