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Chemistry > Organic > Flashcards

Organic Flashcards

1
Q

Alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

-ane
alkoxy-

insoluble

combustion, substitution + (cracking)

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2
Q

Alkenes

A

CnH2n

  • ene
    alkenyl -

insoluble

addition + combustion

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3
Q

Haloalkanes

A

CnH2n+1X

  • ane
    bromo -, iodo-, chloro, fluoro-

slightly soluble

combustion, elimination + substitution

Func group: Halogen X

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4
Q

Primary Amines

A

CnH2n+1NH2

amino-
-amine

soluble

substitution

Func Group: R-NH2

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5
Q

Alcohols

A

CnH2n+1OH

hydroxy-
- ol

soluble

combustion, substitution + condensation

Func Group: R-OH

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6
Q

Aldehydes

A

CnH2nO

formyl-
-al

soluble

oxidation, reduction + addition

Func Group: R-CHO

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7
Q

Ketones

A

CnH2nO

oxo-
-one

soluble

addition

Func Group: R-CO-R

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8
Q

Carboxylic acids

A

CnH2n+1COOH

carboxyl-
-oic acid

soluble

addition, substitution + condensation

Func Group: -COOH

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9
Q

Esters

A

CnH2n+1COOCmH2m+1

alkoycarbonyl -
- oate

slightly soluble

hydrolysis

Func Group: -COO-

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10
Q

Substitution
Alkanes

A

Cond = UV light

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11
Q

Substitution
Alcohols

A

cond = OH- ions (NaOH or KOH)
Haloaklanes + OH- –> alcohols

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12
Q

Addition
Alkenes

A

Hydrogenation
Hydrohalogenation
Halogenation
Hydration

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13
Q

Hydrogenation Alkenes

A

Cond = Ni catalyst + 150*C temp
Alkene + H gas –> alkene

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14
Q

Hydrohalogenation
Alkenes

A

Cond: room temp (SLC) - 25*C
Alkene + H halides –> haloalkane

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15
Q

Halogenation
Alkenes

A

Cond: room temp (SLC) - 25*C
alkene + halides –> haloalkane

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16
Q

Hydration
Alkenes

A

Cond: phosphoric acid (H3PO4) catalyst, 300*C temp, 60-70 atm pressure
Alkene + steam –> alcohol

17
Q

Substitution
Primary Amines

A

Cond: excess ammonia NH3 (+OH –> ethanol)
Haloalkane + amine –> alkyl amine + halogen acid

18
Q

Oxidation
Primary Alcohol

A

Cond: acidified permangenate or dichromate solution (MnO4 or Cr2O7 acidified (H+))
Primary alcohol –> aldehyde –> carboxylic acid

19
Q

Transesterification
Triglycerides

A

Cond: Catalyst, strong base (NaOH, KOH)

20
Q

Esterification

A

Cond: concentrated H2SO4
Alcohol + carboxylic acid –> esters + water (condensation reaction)

Chemistry (17 decks)

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