Organelles & Organelles of Endomembrane System Flashcards
Cytosols
Fluid liquid inside
Organelles
- membrane-enclosed bodies that perform specialized functions
- have one or more specific roles to play in the cell
Cytoskeleton
- networks of proteins that provided structural support
- mobility, reproduction, transportation
Nucleus
the membraned-enclosed organelle that stores genetic material
- direct protein synthesis, growth, etc
Nuclear Evenlope
- the doubled membrane that separates the nucleus rest of the cells
- Nuclear pores allow entry & exit
- The Border
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
transport, synthesize, and store material
- produce protein for the rest of the cells
Rough ER
use for protein synthesis
- contain ribosome
Smooth ER
- used for lipid synthesis, CA2+ & detoxification
- doesn’t contain ribosome
Golgi Apparatus
- Modifies and package product from ER into vescles
- – Neurons package & release neurotransmitter to neighboring cells
Vesicle
Travels to the area inside or exit exocytosis
- - store & transport
Lysosomes
breakdown & digest cellular material using enzymes
Mitochondria
specialized, bean-shaped organelles that produce energy
- require oxygen
- produced ATP from nutrients
- apoptosis is programmed cell death
Peroxisomes
contain enzymes for lipid metabolism and detoxification
-
Microvilli
membrane extension that increases cell surface for absorption
-intestinal epithelial cells absorb a large amount of nutrients
Cilia
hair-like processes that move fluid or are used in sensory reception
Flagella
whip-like tails that allow sperm to move
Tight Junction
prevent materials from moving between cells
Anchoring Junctions
hold cells together and provide structual cohesion
Gap Junctions
form protein channels for materials to flow between cells
Glycocalyx
outer coat of glycolipids & glycoproteins used for cell-cell identity
