Bones & Bone Tissue

Question 1

5 General Functions of Bone

Answer 1

• support body
• protects internal organs
• facilitate movement
• produce blood cells
• stores/ release minerals and fat

Question 2

Long Bone

Answer 2

Longer than wide

• act as levers for movement
• located in the arms, legs
• – as long they’re long

Question 3

Short Bone

Answer 3

Cube-liked and provide stability and support

- one behind the wrist

Question 4

Flat Bones

Answer 4

thing plates that protect internal organs

- located in the chest area

Question 5

Irregular Bone

Answer 5

varied shapes and protect internal organs

Question 6

Sesamoid Bones

Answer 6

Seed-shaped and protect tendons

- located in the kneecap

Question 7

Perforating Canals

Answer 7

carry blood vessels and nerve horizontally

Question 8

Osteon

Answer 8

structural unit of compact bone

Question 9

Central Canal

Answer 9

carries blood and nerves vertially

Question 10

Concentric Lamellae

Answer 10

circular rings of bone around the central canal

Question 11

Lacuna

Answer 11

spaces for osteocytes

Question 12

Canaliculi

Answer 12

small canals that link lacunae together

Question 13

Diaphysis

Answer 13

tubular shaft region that act as a lever for body movement

• Periochondrium surrounds cartilage model
• Chondrocytes grow in size

Question 14

Epiphysis

Answer 14

end region that contains spongy bone and red marrow

- Chondrocytes dies and leave open spaces

Question 15

Medullary Cavity

Answer 15

hollow region inside diaphysis that contains yellow marrow

Question 16

Epiphyseal Line

Answer 16

ossified remnant of the epiphyseal plate

Question 17

Periosteum

Answer 17

fibrous, outer membrane covering for tendons & ligaments

Question 18

Endosteum

Answer 18

delicate membrane lining the medullary cavity

Question 19

Articular Cartilage

Answer 19

a layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between absorb shock

Question 20

Zone of Reserve

Answer 20

secure cartilage to epiphysis; no cell division

Question 21

Zone of Proliferation

Answer 21

where cells divide and oranize into columns

Question 22

Zone of Maturation and Hypertophy

Answer 22

where cells grow in size

Question 23

Zone of Calcification

Answer 23

cartilage calcifies and chondrocytes die

Question 24

Zone of Ossification

Answer 24

cartilage is replaced with bone

Question 25

Epiphyseal Plate

Answer 25

created between epiphysis and diaphysis

- composed of thin layer hyaline cartilage

Question 26

Epiphyseal Line

Answer 26

cartilage is fully replaced by bone

- when maximum height is achieved

Question 27

Endochondrial Ossification

Answer 27

=long one of Intramembreanous Ossification

Question 28

Intramembranous Ossfication

Answer 28

process by which bone within sheets of CT

- flat bone of skull

Question 29

Ossification

Answer 29

process of creating bone

Question 30

Bone Remodeling

Answer 30

removes old bone and deposits new bone

• repair injuries
• release minerals

Question 31

Osteoblasts

Answer 31

responsible for forming new bone matrix

Question 32

Osteogenic cells

Answer 32

stems cells that develop into osteoblasts

Question 33

Osteocytes

Answer 33

osteoblasts trapped inside of bone that maintain the matrix

- responsible for reabsorbing old bone matrix

Question 34

Bone

Answer 34

consist of living cells embedded in mineralized organic matrix

Question 35

collagen

Answer 35

flexibility

Question 36

CA2+ salts

Answer 36

resist compression

Question 37

Bone Marrow

Answer 37

soft connective tissues that fill iterior of bone

Question 38

Red Marrow

Answer 38

form blood cells

Question 39

Yellow Marrow

Answer 39

stores fat

Question 40

Bone Mineralization

Answer 40

Inner ear bones tend to have higher mineral content compare to other bones