Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

I Biology > Organelles > Flashcards

Organelles Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

an oval shaped organelle with a double membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the mitochondria do?

A

It is involved in aerobic respiration

It is responsible for production of ATP molecules which carry energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the outer membrane do in a mitochondria?

A

It controls the flow of materials in and out of the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a golgi apparatus?

A

An organelle that contains membrane bound, flattened sacs with vesicles on the outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the golgi apparatus do?

A

processes, modifies and packages proteins and lipid into vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a vesicle?

A

a small, fluid-filled sac in the cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does a vesicle do?

A

It transports substances in and out of the cell via the cell surface membrane where fusion occurs

During fusion, the contents of the vesicle are released outside the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does a nucleus, overall, do?

A

controls cell activity

contains genetic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

A large, organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope with nuclear pores and contains a nucleolus and chromatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the nucleolus do?

A

synthesises ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do the nuclear pores do?

A

allows large molecules like mRNA to exit the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is chromatin made up of?

A

proteins and DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does chromatin do?

A

controls cell activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the nuclear envelope?

A

the double membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the nuclear envelope do?

A

controls the entry and exit of materials from the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a cell wall?

A

A rigid, structure that surrounds plant cells mainly made of cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of a cell wall?

A

It supports plant cells

18
Q

What is a ribosome?

A

A very small organelle that either floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the RER.

19
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

the site where proteins are made

20
Q

What is a plasma membrane?

A

It is the membrane found on the surface of animal cells and just inside the cell wall of plant cells and prokayotic cells

21
Q

Function of a cell surface membrane

A

It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell

It has receptor molecules which allow it to respond to chemicals such as hormones

22
Q

`What is a lysosome?

A

A round organelle surrounded by a membrane, with no clear internal structure

Contains digestive enzymes

They are kept separate from the cytoplasm by the membrane

23
Q

Function of a lysosme?

A

It is used to digest invading cells or to break down worn out components of the cell

24
Q

What is an SER?

A

They are sheet like membranes throughout the cell

25
Q

Function of SER

A

Synthesises and processes and lipids and cholesterol

26
Q

What is an RER?

A

sheet like membranes throughout the cell enclosing a fluid filled space surface

is covered in ribosomes

27
Q

Function of an RER

A

synthesises and processes proteins

28
Q

What organelles may be found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

A

cell wall with plasmodesmata

vacuole

chloroplasts

29
Q

What are cristae?

A

extensions of the inner membrane

30
Q

What does the cristae do?

A

increases the surface area for the attachment of enzymes

31
Q

What is the matrix?

A

the matrix is found inside the mitochondria and contains, lipids, trace DNA along with enzymes for respiration

32
Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

a small, flattened structure with stacks of membrane

it is surrounded by a double membrane

33
Q

What is the chloroplast for?

A

It is where photosynthesis takes place

some happens in the grana (stacked up membranes) some happens in the stroma (a thick fluid found in chloroplasts)

34
Q

What are centrioles?

A

small, hollow cylinders made from microtubules

found in all animal cells but only some plant cells

35
Q

What do centrioles do?

A

they are involved in the separation of chromosomes during cell division

36
Q

What are cillia?

A

they are small hair-like structures found on the surface membrane of some animal cells

37
Q

What is the cillia made up of?

A

it has an outer membrane and a ring of nine pairs of microtubules with two microtubules in the centre

38
Q

What does the cillia do?

A

the microtubules in the cillia allow the cilia to move and this movement is used by the cell to move substances along the cell surface

39
Q

What is the flagellum?

A

They are like cillia but longer.

They stick out from the cell surface and are surrounded by the plasma membrane

They have 9 microtubules in a ring and two in the centre

40
Q

What does the flagellum do?

A

the microtubules contract to make the flagellum move and the flagella are used as outbouard motors to propel cells forward.

41
Q
A

I Biology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions