Cells

Question 1

What is a prokaryote?

Answer 1

a single celled organism without a nucleus or membrane bound organelles

Question 2

What is a eukaryote?

Answer 2

an organism made up of cells containing a nucleus

Question 3

what are the features of a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 3

extremely small
circular DNA
no nucleus
cell wall made up of a polysaccharide
no membrane bound organelles
small ribosomes
flagella made of flagellin

Question 4

What are the features of a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 4

larger cells
linear DNA
nucleus present
cellulose cell wall in plants
chitin cell wall in fungi
larger ribosomes
flagella made of microtubules

Question 5

What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?

Answer 5

microtubules and microfilaments support the cells organelles, keeping them in positions

also help to strengthen the cell and maintain its shape.

responsible for the transport of organelles and materials within the cell

the proteins of the cytoskeleton can also cause the cell to move.

Question 6

Explain the roles of organelles in protein production.

Answer 6

mRNA leaves the nucleus and either travels to the ribosomes attached to the RER or floating free in the cytoplasm.

ribosomes on the RER produces proteins which are processed and then packaged into vesicles to the golgi.

the golgi modifies the proteins which are then packaged into vesicles

these vesicles then fuse with the plasma membrane and via, exocytosis, empty their contents outside the cell.

Question 7

What is the difference between microtubules and microfilaments?

Answer 7

a microtubule is a tiny protein cylinder whereas a microfilament is a very thin protein strand