Organelles

Question 1

What does the cell theory consist of?

Answer 1

• all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
• cell is basic unit of life
• all cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 2

Anton van leewenhoek

Answer 2

1600s, 1st rule used microscope—discovered bacteria cells

Question 3

Robert Hooke

Answer 3

1600s, 1st rule looked at cork under a microscope, coined the term ‘cell’

Question 4

matthias schleiden

Answer 4

1700s, looked at plant cells (2nd rule)

Question 5

theodor schwann

Answer 5

1700s, looked at animal cells (2nd rule)

Question 6

theodor schwann

Answer 6

1800s, observed bacteria reproduce (3rd rule)

Question 7

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 7

No nucleus or membrane, unicellular and a single double stranded dna molecule in the form of a loop or circle

very small

Question 8

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 8

Has nucleus, linear DNA organized into chromosomes, some unicellular but most multicellular
very large

Question 9

Cellular process

Answer 9

uses energy, store material, removes waste, create waste, reproduce, carry out specialized functions

Question 10

What structure keeps harmful chemicals out of animal cells?

Answer 10

cell membrane

Question 11

What organelle(s) act(s) as “the boss” inside of a cell?

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

If you wanted to find DNA, where would you look?

Answer 12

inside nucleus

Question 13

If a cell has waste it needs to store, it will store in:

Answer 13

vacuoles

Question 14

The dots on the endoplasmic reticulum represent:

Answer 14

ribosomes

Question 15

What do you call the gelatin-like mixture that flows throughout a cell?

Answer 15

cytoplasm

Question 16

What part of the cell makes protein?

Answer 16

ribosomes

Question 17

Which structures break down food and release energy?

Answer 17

mitochondria

Question 18

What substance do Golgi bodies prepare for secretion?

Answer 18

proteins

Question 19

plant cell vs animal cell

Answer 19

plant: cell wall, large vacuole, chloroplast and rectangular shape

Question 20

Cytoplasm

Answer 20

Cytoplasm contains the nutrients required by the cell to carry on its life processes. The organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm. In both plant and animal cells.

• mostly water/fluid
• maintains shape
• storage

Question 21

cell membrane

Answer 21

form protective barrier around cell
Inner is phospholipid bilayer, there is hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails

• plasma membrane
• separate inside from outside
• regulates material entering cells

Question 22

nucleus

Answer 22

control centre of the cell-control all activities (growth + reproduction).
surrounded by nuclear envelope which contains pores to allow transport of materials

Question 23

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 23

makes fats and oils, lipids

In both plant and animal cells.
no ribosomes

Question 24

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 24

ribosomes-makes proteins

Question 25

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 25

made of a series of interconnected small tubes that carry materials through the cell.

Question 26

Golgi bodies

Answer 26

receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum. Processes (modifies, sorts, and packages) proteins and lipids for delivery throughout the cell or outside of the cell. Creates mucus and lyosomes looks like a stack of flattened membranes. In both plant and animal cells.

Question 27

Vacuole

Answer 27

membrane-bound organelle that stores nutrients, food and wastes, and other substances used by the cell plant cells: the central vacuole stores water for the cell. When water enters the cell, the central vacuole swells, causing the plant cell to become firm. Vesicles transport substances throughout the cell. Both plant and animal cells. storage use

Question 28

cell wall

Answer 28

rigid frame around the cell that provides strength, protection, and support. In plant cell.

Question 29

chloroplast

Answer 29

ooks like money/coins and they produce energy contain a green substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll uses energy from the Sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen in a process called photosynthesis. In plant cell.

Question 30

Lyosome

Answer 30

digestion takes place waste disposal filled with enzymes that can speed up chemical reactions in the cell. *clean up system of cell