Organelles Flashcards
What are the organelles common to both plants and animals
Nucleus
Plasma Membrane
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Vacuoles and Vesicles
Plasma membrane
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Outer boundary of a cell
What: Phospholipid bilayer with protein
Function: Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
Ribosomes
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm or bound to rough endoplasmic reticulum
What: Made up of RNA and protein
Function: Synthesis of polypeptides (protein production
Mitochondria
(Where, Function)
Where: found in the cytoplasm
Function: The site of cellular respiration
Produces ATP
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm
What: membranes with ribosomes attached
Function: Synthesis, folding + modification of proteins
transport of protein through the cell
membrane production
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm (part of the membrane system)
What: membrane without ribosomes
Function: Synthesis of lipids
carbohydrate metabolism
transport of the above through cells
detox of drugs and poisons
Golgi Apparatus
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm (associated with the ER)
What: Stack of flattened, membranous sacks called cisternae
Function: Modification, sorting, packaging, storage and transport of proteins and lipids
manufacturing of certain macromolecules
Nucleus
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Anywhere in the cell
What: Double membrane with pores
Function: Controls DNA
Controls the cell’s activity (like the brain of the cell)
Vacuoles and Vesicles
(Where, What, Function)
Where: In the cytoplasm- often numerous
What: membrane bound sacs
Function: -Food Vacuoles: formed by phagocytosis of food cells
- Central Vacuole: provides cell volume and stores inorganic ions + metabolic waste
Cytoplasm
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Makes up most of the cells volume
What: jelly like substance
Function: site of most of the cell’s chemical reactions
Chloroplast (Plants)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: within cytoplasm of plant leaf (and sometimes stem) cell
What: contains chlorophyll (green colouring)
double membrane
stacks of flattened sacs or thylakoids which are stacked together as grana
Function: Where photosynthesis occurs
Cellulose Cell Wall (Plants)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Surrounds the plant cell and lies outside the plasma membrane
What: Made of cellulose
Function: Protects the cell
Maintains the cell’s shape
Prevents excessive water uptake
