Organelle Functions Flashcards
Provides form to cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the cell
Cell (plasma) membrane
Gel-like material inside cell through which materials diffuse
Cytosol
Cytosol and organelles
Cytoplasm
- directs cell activity
- contains DNA and RNA
- controls metabolism
- stores/processes info
- controls protein synthesis
Nucleus
Dense area found within nucleus — forms nucleus
Nucleolus
- powerhouse of the cell
* produces ATP — provides energy for cellular metabolism
Mitochondria
- flattened channels
- canal-like structures found throughout cytosol
- provides transport of substances
- synthesizes proteins
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
- contains no ribosomes
* lipid and carbohydrate synthesis
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes
- flattened sacs with vacuoles
- synthesizes carbs
- packages molecules for secretion
Golgi Apparatus
- contains digestive enzymes that break down damaged cell parts
- ”suicide bags” due to lysosome ruptures within cell, they destroy it
Lysosomes
- vesicles containing enzymes that degrade and neutralize toxic compounds
- smaller than lysosomes
Peroxisomes
- short
* extensions of cell — move materials over cell surface
Cilia
- long
* extensions of cell which provide movement for sperm
Flagella
- hollow
- slender
- cylindrical
- provide strength and support
- assist in movement of cell structure and material
Microtubules
- solid
- rock-like
- contains protein actin which provides support and assist cell movement
Microfilaments
- membrane extensions that contain microfilaments
* increase surface area
Microvilli
- composed of 9 triplet microtubules
- assist in chromosome movement during cell division
- form basal body of cilia and flagella
Centriole
Cytoplasm containing two centrioles at right angles
Centrosome
