organ systems Flashcards
what are the body’s major organ systems?
- the nervous system
- the endocrine system
- respiratory system
- circulatory/cardiovascular system
- digestive system
- the cardiovascular system
- muscular system
- urinary system
- skeletal system
- reproductive system
- integratory system
- lymphatic system
integumentary system
hair, nails, accessory organs- skin, sweat glands, sebaceous glands.
Helps protect underlying tissues help regulate blood temperature, houses a variety of sensory receptors, and synthesize certain products.
accessory organs
assists other organs
skeletal system
Consists of bones, cartilages, and ligaments
Provides a framework and protective shields for softer tissues, attachment for muscles, act with muscles when body parts move, skeletal tissues also produce blood cells and store inorganic salts
muscular system
muscles(organs) contract and pull ends closer together, provides forces that move body parts, maintain posture, and the main source of body heat.
nervous system
control and adjust organ functions, helping maintain homeostasis.
organs included- brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensor organs.
nerve cells within these organs communicate with each other, muscles, and glands to contract or secrete products by sending electrochemical signals called “nerve impulses”. some are specialized sensory receptors of internal and external stimuli.
sensor organs
eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin
endocrine system
All the glands that secrete/produce chemical messengers called “hormones” that travel away in body fluids.
Particular hormones affect a particular group of cells, “target cells”. These effects are over a long time period.
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, pineal gland, thymus.
parathyroid
a
thyroid
parathyroid
thymus
a
adrenal glands
a
pituitary
a
pancreas
a
testes, ovaries
a
thymus
a
pineal gland
a
cardiovascular system
Includes the heart, lungs, blood, arteries, capillaries, and veins.
Blood is pumped from the heart through the body. It carries waste, gases, and nutrients. Blood transports hormones and carries waste from body cells to the excretory organs, where waste is removed and released to external environments. Blood carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive organs and is transported to the whole body.
lymphatic system
It is closely related to the cardiovascular system. Includes the lymphatic vessels, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen. Transports tissue fluids into the bloodstream. Transports fatty substances from the digestive system into the bloodstream. Defends the body against infections by removing microorganism viruses from tissue fluid.
spleen
a
lymphatic vessels
a
lymph
water substance
lymph nodes
checkpoints and monitors the lymph as it filters through.
venous circulation
a
lacteals
a
