Organ Systems Flashcards
4 types of tissues:
- Connective
- Muscular
- Epithelial
- Nervous
Histology
The study of tissues
Connective Tissue
Connective tissue holds our ligaments & bones together and fills spaces. They can protect, support, provide energy, and provide immunity, among other things.
Examples: Fat, Cartilage, Blood, Bones
Epithelial Tissue
Covers and protects the outside of our bodies as well as lines our inner body cavities. It can easily shed and replenish itself compared to other parts of our body.
Examples: Outer skin, Inner Cheeks, Stomach/Intestinal Lining
Muscle Tissue
It Provides movement to different parts of the body. Strong/dense, has lots of mitochondria in their cells
Examples: Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle, Skeletal Muscle
Nervous Tissue
It helps our body send signals and communicate. Sensitive, can easily detect changes.
Examples: Neurons, Spinal Cord, Nerves
Organ
A collection of tissues with a similar function.
Examples: Brain, Lungs, Heart
Organ System
A group of organs working together to perform a specific function.
Examples: Circulatory System, Nervous System, Respiratory System
Arteries vs. Veins
Arteries = Red, Oxygenated
Veins = Blue, Deoxygenated
Cardiovascular System
Includes the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?
The heart contracts to move blood through the body. Blood transports nutrients, oxygen, & waste around the body. Blood Vessels carry blood and connect all the parts of the cardiovascular system
Where does CO2 in the cardiovascular system come from?
Cellular Respiration
Plasma
The liquid part of blood. It is a mixture of water, minerals, nutrients, sugars, proteins & other substances
What is blood made up of?
55% Plasma, 45% Erythrocytes, less than 1% Leukocytes & Plates
Platelets
Pieces of larger cells that clump together to slow down bleeding. They are pinched off larger cells found in bone marrow & circulate in the blood stream for 5-10 days. Lacking platelets is known as hemophilia
What is the purpose of platelets?
Platelets will form a plug at the site of damage and release chemicals that react with proteins in the plasma in the blood plot & stop bleeding.
Red Blood Cells
They supply oxygen to body cells & carry carbon dioxide to the lungs. They are formed in bone marrow, the liver, and the spleen. Each RBC has hemoglobin, and oxygen-carrying protein. Our RBC, don’t have nuclei, but other animals’s RBCs do
What makes red blood cells red?
RBC, contain inron, which gives them their red color.
White Blood Cells
Made in bone marrow. Some mature in the lymphatic system. WBCs fight infections & destroy pathogens to keep us healthy. Some WBCs search for & destroy pathogens, others release antibodies.
They also destroy damaged/dead body cells
Temperature Regulation
Blood helps you regulate body temperature.
Hot –> Blood vessels enlarge, blood flows closer to skin, more nutrients go to cells
Cold –> Blood vessels narrow, less blood flows and further from skin. Can hurt if too cold
Blood Pressure
The force created on the walls of arteries by the heart pumps blood. Normal blood pressure is about 80-120 mmHg (millimeters of mercury?)
Systolic Pressure
Pressure when ventricles contract
Diastolic Pressure
Pressure when ventricles relax
