ORG CHEM (ACT 8- QUALITATIVE TEST FOR ORGANIC COMPOUND) FINALS

Question 1

Organic compound may contain this elements:

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur (CHONPS)

Question 2

• Generally can be detected by heating
• The evolution of combustible gasses or charring of both indicate the presence of ____

Answer 2

Carbon

Question 3

The formation of H2O is detected by the appearance of droplets on the cooler part of the ignition tube or by its effect on anhydrous copper sulfate, the latter changing to the blue CuSO4• 5H2O.

Answer 3

Hydrogen

Question 4

4 Unique Properties of Carbon

Answer 4

(1)Tetravalent, (2) Catenation : self linking from long chain,(3) Non-ionic compound formation, (4) Covalent bond formation

Question 5

4 Properties of Hydrogen

Answer 5

(1) Standard Temperature, (2) Standard Pressure,
(3) Non-toxic,Non-metallic, Odorless, Tasteless, Colorless (4) Highly Combustible Diatomic Gas (H2)

Question 6

• The most common test in Oxygen involves the use of____
• paper that has been soaked in a solution of complex ferric hexathio cyanato ferriate.

Answer 6

Ferrox Paper

Question 7

is used in elemental analysis for the qualitative determination of the presence of foreign elements, namely halogens, nitrogen, and sulphur, in an organic compound.
It was developed by J.L.Lassaigne.

Answer 7

Lassaigne (Sodium Fusion) Test

Question 8

Properties Of Oxygen

Answer 8

Standard Pressure, Colorless, odorless, tasteless diatomic gas (O2), Member of the chalcogen group, Highly reactive nonmetallic element; Slightly soluble in water; Poor Conductor of heat and electricity

Question 9

• Colorless, odorless, tasteless, and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions
• usedto make fertilisers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives.

Answer 9

Properties of Nitrogen

Question 10

• Ca(OH)2
• “Slaked lime” “Hydrated lime”
• Colorless rhombic, trigonal crystals or white powder; odorless; Slightly butter alkaline taste
• slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, soluble in glyvol

Answer 10

Calcium Hydroxide, Saturated

Question 11

Ba(OH)2 or BaH2O2
• White powder or colorless monoclinic crystals; Odorless; Insoluble in acetone.
• Use as Plastic additive and fuel additive.

Answer 11

Barium Hydroxide

Question 12

CuSO4
• “Blue stone”
• rhombic crystals; pleasant
odor; Very soluble in hot water but soluble in cold water.
• Elemental use in copper deficiency; mgt of cramps, disturbances of renal function, peripheral, rheumatic dse.

Answer 12

Anhydrous Copper Sulfate

Question 13

CuO
• an inorganic compound; used as a precursor in manycopper-containing products such as wood preservatives and ceramics
•may be found in over-the-counter vitamin-mineral supplements.
• poses potential health and environmental concern due to toxic and mutagenic particles
generating reactive oxygen species.

Answer 13

Copper Oxide

Question 14

Na
• “Natrium”
• Silvery soft metal that becomes grayish upon exposure to air. Very reactive metal; cubic structure,light, soft, ductile, malleable
• Excellent electrical conductivity

Answer 14

Sodium Metal

Question 15

(CH3COO)2Pb
• “Sugar of lead” “Plumbous acetate”
• White to gray crystalline solid. • Denser thanwater.
• Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
• May be toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption.
• Used in dyes, waterproofing, insecticides,
antifouling paints, hair dyes and many
other processes

Answer 15

Lead Acetate, 10% Sol’n

Question 16

C5FeN6Na2O
• “Nitropruss”
• thedisodiumsalt of nitroprusside.
•It has a role as anitric oxidedonor and a vasodilator agent.

Answer 16

Sodium Nitroprusside Sol’n 0.1%

Question 17

AgNO3
• “Argenti nitras”
• an inorganic chemical with antiseptic activity.
•can potentially be used as a cauterizing or sclerosing agent.
• appears as a colorless or white crystalline solid becoming black on exposure to light or organic material.
• often used as a precursor to othersilver-containing compounds. It is used in making photographic films, and in laboratory setting as a staining agent in protein
visualization in PAGE gels and in scanning electron microscopy

Answer 17

Silver Nitrate, 1% Sol’n

Question 18

Cu
• “cuprum” “cobre”
• an essential trace element that is included in some over-the-counter multivitamin and mineral supplements
• Reddish lustrous malleable odorless metallic solid

Answer 18

Copper Wire

Question 19

CH3COOH
• “ethanoic acid” “Glacial acetic acid” “Vinegar”
• a simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. It has a role as a protic solvent, a food acidity regulator, an antimicrobial food preservative.
• a clear colorless liquid with a strong odor of vinegar.
• Corrosive to metals and tissue. Used to make other chemicals, as a food additive, and in petroleum production.

Answer 19

Acetic Acid, 6N

Question 20

HCl
• “Muriatic acid” “Spirits of salt”
• a colorless watery liquid with a sharp, irritating odor.
• Consists of hydrogen chloride, a gas, dissolved inwater.
• Sinks and mixes withwater. Produces irritating vapor.

Answer 20

Hydrochloric Acid, 6N

Question 21

H2SO4
• “Oil of Vitriol” “Battery acid” “Brown Vitriol”
• a colorless oily liquid. Corrosive to metals
and tissue; oluble inwater with release of heat; corrosive to metals and tissue

Answer 21

Sulfuric Acid, 6N

Question 22

SiO2
• Silicon dioxide “Cristobalite” “Flintshot”
• three main crystalline varieties: quartz, tridymite, and cristobalite.
• Transparent to gray, odorless powder.
• Irritating to the skin and eyes on contact.
•Inhalation will cause irritation in the respiratory tract.
[Note: Amorphous silica is
the non-crystalline form of SiO2.]

Answer 22

Glass Wool

Question 23

HNO3
• red fuming appears as a pale yellow to reddish brown liquid generating red-brown fumes and having a suffocating odor.
• Very toxic by inhalation.
• Corrosive to metals or tissue. • Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations may result in adverse health effects.
• Colorless, yellow, or red, fuming liquid with an acrid,
suffocating odor.

Answer 23

Nitric Acid, 6N

Question 24

NaOH
• “Soda lime” “Caustic soda” “Soda lye”
• appears as a colorless liquid; more dense thanwater.
• Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; toxic by ingestion; corrosive to metals and tissue
• appears as a white solid; corrosive to metals and tissue.
• Used in chemical manufacturing, petroleum
refining, cleaning compounds, drain cleaners.

Answer 24

Sodium Hydroxide

Question 25

Self- linking chain from long chain.

Answer 25

Catenation