Org Behavior Chapter 8 Flashcards
Motivation
Psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.
Content Theories of Motivation
Identify internal factors influencing motivation.
Process Theories of Motivation
Identify the process by which internal factors and cognitions influence motivation.
Need
Physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior
Need Hierarchy Theory
Five basic needs - physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization - influence behavior.
ERG Theory
Three basic needs - existence, relatedness, and growth - influence behavior.
Need for Achievement
Desire to accomplish something difficult.
Need for Affiliation
Desire to spend time in social relationships and activities
Need for Power
Desire to influence, coach, teach, or encourage others to achieve
Motivators
Job characteristics associated with job satisfaction.
Hygiene Factors
Job characteristics associated with job dissatisfaction
Equity Theory
Holds that motivation is a function of fairness in social exchanges.
Negative Inequity
Comparison in which another person receives greater outcomes for similar inputs.
Positive Inequity
Comparison in which another person receives lesser outcomes for similar inputs.
Distributive Justice
The perceived fairness of how resources and rewards are distributed.
Procedural Justice
The perceived fairness of the process and procedures used to make allocation decisions
Interactional Justice
Extent to which people feel fairly treated when procedures are implemented.
Expectancy Theory
Holds that people are motivated to behave in ways that produce valued outcomes
Expectancy
Belief that effort leads to a specific level of performance
Instrumentality
A performance outcome perception.
Valence
The value of a reward or outcome.
Goal
What an individual is trying to accomplish.
Goal Specificity
Quantifiability of a goal.
Action Plan
Activities or tasks to be accomplished to obtain a goal.
