Orbit And Eye

Question 1

The orbits are a pair of bony cavities that contain the following: (6 items)

Answer 1

Eyeballs
EOMs
Nerves
Blood Vessels
Fat
Lacrimal gland

Question 2

The orbit is a _______ shaped cavity with its base in the front and its apex behind.

Answer 2

Pyramidal

Question 3

Roof of the orbit:

Answer 3

Orbital plate of the frontal bone

Question 4

Lateral Wall of the Orbit:

Answer 4

Formed by the zygomatic bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid

Question 5

Floor of the Orbit:

Answer 5

Formed by the orbital plate of the maxilla, which separates the orbital cavity from the maxillary sinus.

Question 6

Medial Wall of the Orbit:

Answer 6

Formed by the frontal process of the maxilla, lacrimal bone, orbital plate of the ethmoid, and the body of the sphenoid.

Question 7

The _______ protect the eye from injury and excessive light.

Answer 7

Eyelids

Question 8

The ______ eyelid is larger and more mobile than the ______ eyelid.

Answer 8

Upper

Lower

Question 9

Both eyelids meet each other at the ______ and _______ angles.

Answer 9

Medial and lateral

Question 10

The _______ ________ is the opening between the eyelids and the entrance into the conjunctival sac.

Answer 10

Palpebral fissure

Question 11

The superficial surface of the eyelids is covered by skin, while the deep surface is covered by a mucous membrane called the ________.

Answer 11

Conjunctiva

Question 12

Eyelashes are arranged in _______ or _________ rows at the ________ __________.

Answer 12

Double or triple

Mucocutaneous junction

Question 13

________ glands are modified sebaceous glands that open into the margin of the eyelid behind the eyelashes.

Answer 13

Tarsal

Question 14

_________ glands secrete an oily substance which prevents the overflow of tears.

Answer 14

Tarsal

Question 15

The _________ is a thin mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and is reflected at the superior and inferior fornices onto the anterior surface of the eyeball.

Answer 15

Conjunctiva

Question 16

The epithelium of the conjunctiva is continuous with that of the ________.

Answer 16

Cornea

Question 17

The conjunctiva forms a potential space, the _____ _____, which opens at the ______ _______.

Answer 17

Conjunctival sac

Palpebral fissure

Question 18

The eyelids are supported by a fibrous sheet called the ______ ______.

Answer 18

Orbital septum

Question 19

The _______ is attached to the periosteum at the orbital margins.

Answer 19

Septum

Question 20

The orbital margins are thickened to form the _______ _________.

Answer 20

Tarsal plates

Question 21

The tarsal glands are embedded in the _______ _______.

Answer 21

Tarsal plates

Question 22

The _________ gland consists of a large orbital part and a small palpebral part, which are continuous with each other.

Answer 22

Lacrimal

Question 23

The lacrimal gland is located above the eyeball in the upper lateral and anterior aspect of the orbit. True or False?

Answer 23

True.

Question 24

The lacrimal gland’s ___ ducts open into the lateral part of the superior fornix of the conjunctiva.

Answer 24

12

Question 25

The ______ ________ __________ of the lacrimal gland comes from fibers derived from the lacrimal nucleus of the facial nerve.

Answer 25

Preganglionic parasympathetic innervation

Question 26

The orbit contains a LOT, and a LOT of ______.

Answer 26

Fat.

Question 27

The preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland comes from fibers derived from the lacrimal nucleus of the facial nerve. These fibers reach the ______ _______ via the greater petrosal nerve and nerve of the pterygoid canal.

Answer 27

Pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 28

The preganglionic parasympathetic innervation of the lacrimal gland comes from fibers derived from the lacrimal nucleus of the facial nerve. These fibers reach the pterygopalatine ganglion via the greater ________ nerve and nerve of the _________ canal.

Answer 28

Petrosal | Pterygoid

Question 29

In an X-ray of the orbit, the fat appears _______ and muscles and nerves appear _________.

Answer 29

White | Dark

Question 30

The _____ _____ ____ leave the ganglion and join branches of V2 (the zygomatic nerve and zygomaticotemporal nerve).

Answer 30

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers

Question 31

The ______ ______ reach the lacrimal gland via the lacrimal nerve.

Answer 31

Postganglionic fibers

Question 32

The ______ _______ _________ is from the internal carotid plexus

Answer 32

Sympathetic postganglionic supply

Question 33

When you hear palpebral, think ____ _____.

Answer 33

Eye lids

Question 34

The sympathetic postganglionic supply is from the _____ ______ _______.

Answer 34

Internal carotid plexus

Question 35

Glands that open up into the eyelash follicles are called ______ glands.

Answer 35

Sebaceous

Question 36

The ______ ______ _______ join the deep petrosal nerve, the nerve of the pterygoid canal, the zygomatic nerve, and the lacrimal nerve.

Answer 36

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Question 37

Lacks Lacrimalis means.....

Answer 37

Lake of tears

Question 38

The tears circulate across the cornea and accumulate in the ______ _________.

Answer 38

Lacks lacrimalis

Question 39

Tears enter the ______ _________ through the lacrimal punctum.

Answer 39

Lacrimal canaliculi

Question 40

Tears enter the lacrimal canaliculi through the _____ _______.

Answer 40

Lacrimal punctum

Question 41

The nasolacrimal duct starts at the lower end of the lacrimal sac and descends downward in a bony canal and opens in the ______ ______ of the nose.

Answer 41

Inferior meatus

Question 42

The ______ nerve enters the orbit by passing through the optic canal. It is accompanied by the ______ ______.

Answer 42

Optic | Ophthalmic artery

Question 43

The optic nerve is surrounded by meningeal sheaths of _____ ______, ________, and _____ _______.

Answer 43

Pia mater Arachnoid Dura mater

Question 44

_______ ________ is contained within the subarachnoid space around the nerve, so any rise in pressure within the cranial cavity is transmitted to the back of the eyeball.

Answer 44

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 45

The ophthalmic division of the _________ nerve enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure. It divides into 3 branches: ______,_______, and ________ nerves. The ______ nerve divides into the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves that supply the skin of the forehead and the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus.

Answer 45

Trigeminal Frontal, lacrimal, and nasociliary Frontal

Question 46

The _________ nerve passes forward along the upper border of the lateral rictus muscle. It is joined by a branch of the ________ nerve, which later leaves to enter the lacrimal gland (parasympathetic fibers).

Answer 46

Lacrimal nerve | Zygomaticotemporal

Question 47

The ________ nerve isn't really a "nerve." It is more of an outgrowth or tract of the brain.

Answer 47

Optic

Question 48

The _______ nerve ends in the skins of the lateral part of the upper eyelid.

Answer 48

Lacrimal

Question 49

The ________ nerve enters the orbit through the lower part of the superior orbital fissure.

Answer 49

Oculomotor

Question 50

Papilledema means:

Answer 50

Swelling of the optic disc that is caused by increased intracranial pressure

Question 51

There are ___ divisions of the oculomotor nerve.

Answer 51

2

Question 52

The 2 divisions of the oculomotor nerve are the _______ and ______ branch.

Answer 52

Superior and inferior

Question 53

The ______ branch of the oculomotor nerve supplies the superior rictus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles.

Answer 53

Superior

Question 54

The ______ branch of the oculomotor nerve supplies the inferior rictus, the medial rectus, and the inferior oblique muscles.

Answer 54

Inferior.

Question 55

The nerve to the inferior oblique gives off a branch to the cilliary ganglion, which carries ________ fibers to the sphincter papillae and the ciliary muscle.

Answer 55

Parasympathetic

Question 56

The ______ nerve enters the orbit via the upper part of the superior orbital fissure.

Answer 56

Trochlear.

Question 57

The ________ nerve enters the orbit through the lower part of the superior orbital fissure.

Answer 57

Abducens (abducent) nerve

Question 58

The __________ nerve crosses above the optic nerve, runs forward along the upper margin of the medial rectus muscle, and ends by dividing into the anterior ethmoidal and infratrochlear nerves.

Answer 58

Nasociliary

Question 59

The branches of the nasociliary nerve are:

Answer 59

The communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion containing sensory fibers The long ciliary nerves containing sympathetic fibers destined for the dilator papillae muscle. These nerves pierce the sclera of the eyeball

Question 60

The ______ _______ nerve supplies the ethmoidal and sphenoidal air sinuses.

Answer 60

Posterior ethmoidal

Question 61

"Trochlea" means _____.

Answer 61

Pulley

Question 62

The _________ nerve passes forward below the pulley of the superior oblique muscle, supplies the medial part of the upper eyelid and the adjacent part of the nose.

Answer 62

Infratrochlear

Question 63

THe ________ ___________ nerve passes through the anterior ethmoidal foramen and enters the anterior cranial fossa. It enters the nasal cavity where it supplies part of the mucosa. It emerges on the face as the external nasal branch to supply the nose as far down as the tip.

Answer 63

Anterior ethmoidal

Question 64

The _________ artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery.

Answer 64

Ophthalmic artery

Question 65

The ________ _________ of the retina runs within the optic nerve and enters the eyeball at the center of the optic disc.

Answer 65

Central artery

Question 66

The ________ arteries are divided into the anterior and posterior groups. The anterior group enters the eyeball near the corners learn junction, the posterior group enters near the optic nerve.

Answer 66

Ciliary

Question 67

The _____ ______ ______ communicates in front with the facial vein.

Answer 67

Superior ophthalmic vein

Question 68

The _____ _____ _______ communicates through the inferior orbital fissure with the pterygoid venous plexus.

Answer 68

Inferior ophthalmic vein

Question 69

Both the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins pass backward through the _____ ______ ______ and drain into the ___________ sinus.

Answer 69

Superior orbital fissure | Cavernous

Question 70

The _______ ________ is a parasympathetic ganglion about the size of a pinhead.

Answer 70

Ciliary ganglion

Question 71

There are ___ voluntary muscles that run from the posterior wall of the orbit to the eyeball.

Answer 71

6

Question 72

Name the 6 EOMs.

Answer 72

Inf/Sup rectus Medial/lateral rectus Inf/sup oblique

Question 73

Postganglionic=________

Answer 73

Postsynaptic (means same thing)

Question 74

________ ________ nerve fibers dilate the pupil.

Answer 74

Postganglionic sympathetic

Question 75

Postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers will ______ the pupi via the _______ _________.

Answer 75

Shrink | Sphincter pupillae

Question 76

____________ stimulation causes ciliary muscle to contract.

Answer 76

Parasympathetic

Question 77

In the absence of nerve stimulation, the ciliary muscle is _______.

Answer 77

Relaxed