Development Of The Face Flashcards
At the end of the _____ week, facial prominences appear.
4th
Facial prominences that arise in the 4th week of pregnancy consist mainly of neural crest derived ________ and are formed by the first pair of ________ _______.
Mesenchyme
Pharyngeal arches
The facial prominences that appear during the 4th week of pregnancy are: (3 categories)
Frontonasal
Maxillary
Mandibular
The ________ prominence is formed by the proliferation of mesenchyme ventral to the brain vesicles; constitutes the upper border of the _________ (future mouth)
Frontonasal
Stomodeum
The ________ prominences are located lateral to the stomodeum.
Maxillary
The _______ prominences are the lower border of the stomodeum.
Mandibular
The weeks 6 and 7, the ______ prominences increase in size.
Maxillary
The upper lip is formed by the two _____ ______ prominences and the two _______ prominences.
The _________ _________ prominences do NOT participate in the formation of the upper lip.
Medial nasal
Maxillary
Lateral nasal
At first, the maxillary and lateral nasal prominences are separated by a deep furrow called the _______ ______.
Nasolacrimal groove
Ectoderm in the floor of the nasolacrimal groove forms a solid cord that detaches from the overlying ectoderm. The cord canalizes (becomes hollow; forms a lumen) to form the ________ _______.
The upper end of (answer above) widens to form the _____ ____.
Nasolacrimal duct
Lacrimal sac
The nose is formed from ___ facial prominences.
5
The 5 facial prominences that form the nose are:
Frontal
Merged medial nasal (2)
Lateral nasal (2)
As the maxillary prominences grow medially, the 2 medial nasal prominences merge not only at the surface, but at a deeper level.
The structure formed by the merging of the medial nasal prominences is composed of the ______, ______, and ______ components.
Labial
Upper jaw
Palatal
The labial component of the intermaxillary segment forms the ______ of the upper lip.
The ______ component forms a component that holds the 4 incisors.
The palatal component forms the triangular shaped ____ ______.
Philtrum
Upper Jaw
Primary palate
The main portion of the definitive palate is formed by the 2 shelf-like outgrowths from the maxillary prominences. The outgrowths are called the ____ ______ and appear during the 6th week of development. In the 7th week, they ascend to a horizontal position above the tongue and fuse.
Palatine shelves
The ____ _____ is the midline landmark between the primary and secondary palates.
Incisive foramen
The ____ ________ is considered to be the dividing landmark between the anterior and posterior cleft deformities.
Incisive foramen
_________ facial clefts are produced by failure of the maxillary prominence to merge with its corresponding lateral nasal prominence. When this occurs, the _______ _____ is usually exposed to the surface.
Oblique
Nasolacrimal duct
__________ cleft lip is a rare abnormality caused by the incomplete merging of the two medial nasal prominences in the midline.
These deformities are associated with severe retardation.
________ specifically targets developing midline structures early in development.
Median (midline)
Alcohol
Cleft clip occurs more frequently in ______ than ________.
The frequency of cleft palate is ______ than cleft lip, and occurs more often in _______.
Males
Females
Lower
Females
In females, the _____ ________ fuse approximately 1 week later than in males, which may explain why cleft palate occurs more frequently in females.
Palatal shelves
_________ drugs, such as phenobarbital and Dilantin, given during pregnancy increase risk of cleft palate.
Anticonvulsant
