Orbit

Question 1

_______:

= a part of the adnexa, the conical boney structure that contains the eyeball and periorbital cone

Answer 1

Boney Orbit

Question 2

_______:

supportive cone like structure that contains the eyeball, extraocular muscles, fat, vessels, nerves, and fascia that reside within the orbit

Answer 2

PERIORBITAL CONE

Question 3

______:

ligamentous structure that forms the lateral boundary of the boney orbit in cats and dogs

Answer 3

Orbital ligament

Question 4

_________:

abnormal protrusion of the eye from the orbit. The position is abnormal. The globe size is normal

Answer 4

Exoplthalmos

2 most commong causes orbital neoplasia(iften malignant and nonpainful and abcess

Question 5

_______:

literally means “cows eye” but refers to the abnormal enlargement of the eyeball. For practical purposes, buphthalmos is only caused by glaucoma. The size is abnormal, the position is normal.

Answer 5

Buphthalmos

Question 6

________:

abnormal recession of the eye within the orbit

Answer 6

Enophthalmos

Question 7

_______:

deviation of one or both eyes, so that both eyes are not directed at the same object

Answer 7

Strabismus

Question 8

_______:

= sympathetic denervation to the eye and ocular adnexa. There are 4 classic clinical signs

• Enophthalmos
• Ptosis – drooping of the eyelid
• Miosis
• Protrusion of the third eyelid

Answer 8

Horner’s syndrome

Question 9

_______:

a congenitally small and malformed globe

Answer 9

Microphthalmos

Question 10

_______:

an acquired shrunken globe, most often from severe or chronic inflammation

Answer 10

Phthisis bulbi

Question 11

______:

anterior displacement of the globe such that the eyelids are caught behind the equator of the globe

Answer 11

Proptosis

Question 12

______:

the conical structure that contains the eyeball and perioribital cone

Answer 12

orbit

Question 13

________:

Supportive cone like structucture contains the eyeball, extraocular muscles, fat, vessels, nerves, and fascia that reside within the orbit

Answer 13

Periorbital cone

Question 14

Orbital disease can cause _____ disease and vice versal, make sure you access the ____ and _____ _____

Answer 14

Sinus; frontal and maxillary sinuses

Question 15

What is significant about teet and orbital disease? Especially what tooth?

Answer 15

Teeth – Dental disease often induces orbital or periorbital disease

• Especially the carnassial tooth (4th maxillary premolar)

Question 16

The muscles of mastication are often associated and involved with orbital inflammation (what are the muscles involved??

Answer 16

• masseter
• temporalis
• pterygoid

Question 17

_______:

Movement of this compresses inflmated orbital soft tissues and can cause severe pain?

Answer 17

Ramus of the mandible

Question 18

What should we avoid in cats and why?

Answer 18

Avoid mouth gags in cats risk of blindness from reduction of maxillary and carotid artery. Alternative option is a needle cap

Question 19

What are the 5 significant foramina and fissures?

Answer 19

1. Infraorbital foramen

2. Optic canal – CN II

3. Orbital fissure – CN III, CN IV, CN V (ophthalmic), CN VI

4. Rostral and Caudal alar foramina
5. External acoustic meatus

Question 20

What is the cavernous sinus?

Answer 20

Venous sinus located near the orbital fissue

Important structures close to the cavernous sinus (CN 3, 4, 5, 6)

Question 21

What is the etiology of cavernous sinus syndrome?

Answer 21

Neurologic diseases (infectious/ inflammatory/ neoplastic/ vascular)

Question 22

What is visually noted for this CN exam?

Answer 22

Abnormal CN exam

(head tilted upward -eyes should look downward)