Orbic - Pre Solo Written Exam Flashcards
What personal documents and endorsements are you required to have before you fly solo?
Photo ID, medical, student pilot cert, logbook
What class of medical do you need prior to solo flight?
3rd class
What are your student pilot limitations regarding carriage of passengers or cargo and flying compensation or hire?
No passengers, no cargo, no hire
Explain student pilot limitations concerning visibility and flight above clouds.
10 SM, 3000’ ceiling, flight above clouds not allowed.
Who has the final authority and responsibility for the operation of the aircraft when you are flying solo?
Me as the PIC.
Discuss what preflight action concerning the airport and aircraft performance is specified in the regulations for a local flight.
All information for completion of a safe flight. Examples: Wx, TFR’s, Notams, aircraft performance, frequencies.
During engine run up you cause rocks, debris and rotor vortices to be directed toward another aircraft or person. Could this be considered careless or reckless operations of an aircraft?
Yes
How long before flying can you have your last alcoholic beverage? What is the BAC you can have in your blood?
8 hrs - 0.04%
What are the general requirements pertaining to the use of safety belts and shoulder harnesses?
Use during takeoff, landing, taxi, and en route flight.
What is the minimum fuel reserve for day VFR flight, and on what cruise speed is the fuel reserve based?
First point of landing + 20 min. 83 kts.
At what altitude is a Mode C transponder required at all times in all airspace’s? Excluding what altitudes?
10,000’ MSL - below 2500’ AGL
What aircraft certificates and documents must be on board when you are flying solo?
A - airworthiness cert. R - Registration R - Radio cert (outside the U.S.) O - Operating handbook W - Weight and balance
No one person may operate an aircraft so close to another aircraft as to create a ______________ .
Hazard or collision
Who has the right-of-way when two aircraft are on final approach to land at the same time?
Lower aircraft. But this cannot be abused to creat the ROW.
What action do you need to take if you are overtaking another aircraft and which aircraft has the ROW? What if flying a head-on collision course? What if another helicopter is converging from the right?
- Pass on the right. Aircraft being overtaken has the ROW. 2. Deviate to the right. 3. Helicopter on the right.
Except when necessary for takeoffs and landings, what are the minimum safe altitudes for helicopters?
An altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, to make an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface.
If an altimeter setting is not available at an airport, what setting should you use before departing on a local flight?
Elevation of the departure airport.
What altitudes should you use when operating under VFR in level cruising flight at more than 3000’ AGL?
Magnetic course of 0 - 179 - odd thousands plus 500
Magnetic course of 180 - 359 - even thousands plus 500.
When is a go around appropriate?
In conditions likely for vortex ring state (30 kts, more than 300’ per min, power applied.) - basically a non-controlled approach.
What general steps should you follow after an engine failure in flight?
Enter autorotation (collective down, right pedal, aft cyclic)
List the minimum equipment and instruments that must be working properly in your aircraft for day VFR flight.
C - compass A - airspeed indicator M - manifold pressure gauge A - altitude indicator S - seatbelts
F - Fuel gauge
O - oil temp gauge
O - oil pressure gauge
T - tachometer
G - governor
O - outside air temp
A - alternator
L - low rotor RPM warning
What are the following V-speed definitions and the corresponding speed for the R22?
Vy
Vne
Vy - best rate of climb - 53 kts
Vne - never exceed - 102 kts to 3000’
What is the best glide speed for the R22?
75 kias
What is the max RPM drop during the magneto check on the runup?
7% in two seconds
What is the total usable fuel capacity for your aircraft?
26.3 gallons
What grade of fuel can be safely used in your aircraft? What are the colors of the recommended fuels?
100LL which is blue
Red can also be used.
In order to remain outside the shaded area of the height/velocity diagram, what would your air-speed have to be at 200’?
58 kias
How do you detect an alternator failure?
Alternator light. Electrical problems/failure.
When do you use carburetor heat? What are indications of carb icing?
Likely with an OAT of -4 to 30 degrees AND the difference between the OAT and the dew point is less than 15 degrees.
Run up - full carb heat
Takeoff, climb, cruise - keep the CAT gauge out of the yellow
Descent, auto - full carb heat
Indications - decrease in manifold pressure, rough engine running
At max gross weight and with an OAT of 80 degrees, what is Vne at sea level? At 6000’?
102 kias- 95 kias
What are traffic patterns for each runway at your airport? What is the MSL altitude for each helicopter traffic pattern?
15/33 or 8/26 - avoid flow of fixed wing aircraft - 1300’ MSL
How do you enter and exit the traffic pattern at your airport? What if any radio communications are required?
Check ATIS - Ask tower to join the pattern - repeat back specific instructions.
What radio calls are recommended in the traffic pattern at an uncontrolled airport?
10 miles out on the CTAF - entering downwind and each leg.
What is the standard direction of turns in the traffic pattern?
Upwind, crosswind, downwind, base, final
What is CTAF? Explain CTAF procedures at your training airport?
Common traffic advisory frequency - report 10 miles out and each leg of the pattern.
How can you determine if a runway is closed?
White “X” lights at end of the runway.
What are the typical dimensions of Class D airspace and what requirement(s) must be met prior to entry?
4 mi. Radius - 2500’ - tailnumber - two way radio comms
What are the cloud clearance requirements and visibility requirements when operating in controlled airspace below 10,000’ MSL?
3 SM - 500’ below - 1000’ above - 2000’ horizontal.
Bravo - 3 mi and clear of clouds
If you receive ATC instructions that you feel may compromise safety or will cause you to violate a FAR, what should you do?
Ask clarification - safety of the flight is the priority.
Meaning of following ATC light signals in flight:
Steady green
Flashing green
Flashing red
Steady red
Clear to land
Come back to airport for landing
Airport unsafe
Keep circling
ATC signals on the ground:
Steady green
Flashing white
Clear to takeoff
Return to starting point on the airport.
What requirements are there for a student pilot to fly in Class B airspace?
Endorsement by CFI and route flown with CFI.
Explain transponder equipment and use requirements when operating or near Class B airspace?
2 way radio and Mode C transponder w/ in 30 nm.
Describe Class B airspace and how they apply to an airport within that airspace. Explain how navigation equipment and ground reference points help identify the Class B boundaries.
30 nm from the airport. Upside down wedding cake. Waypoints: Coliseum, Alameda, 110 freeway.
You have called ATC just prior to entering Class B airspace and the controller tells you “Squawk 2466 and ident”. Are you now allowed to enter without further instructions?
No - need specific clearance.
On a sectional chart what does a slashed magenta line around an airport indicate?
Class E - SFC to 17,999’
What is the min. Visibility and ceiling requirement for VFR flight in Class D airspace?
3 miles, 500’ below, 1000’ above, 2000’ horizontally.
What are the helicopter special VFR weather minimums and can student pilots request a special VFR clearance in Class D airspace when the visibility is less than 3 miles?
Clear of clouds- against the WX prescribed by CFI.
You have called ATC prior to entering Class C airspace and the controller responds with your call sign and tells you to “standby”. Are you now allowed to enter the airspace without further instructions?
Yes - because two-way radio comms established with tailnumber.
Describe typical dimensions of Class C airspace. Is participation in the radar service mandatory within the outer area of the Class C airspace?
5 mi radius.
Not mandatory
Describe the Class C boundaries that your airport. Explain reference points for inner core and the shelf area.
5 mi except to the NW (WHP). Verdugos, 5/134 or LA Zoo, Mt. Lee, Cahuenga Pass, KJOI, 101/405, 4 Stacks.
Shelf - SF reservoir, Rose Bowl, 3-4 miles SW of VNY, Griffith Observatory, Sepulveda Pass.
