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Oral Histology Exam II (BLW) > Oral Sensations > Flashcards

Oral Sensations Flashcards

1
Q

The body of the tongue is derived from arch ____ while the root is derived from arch ____

A

1

3

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2
Q

True or False?

The dorsal surface of the tongue is mostly keratinized epithelium

A

true

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3
Q

True or False?

There is a submucosa associated with the tongue

A

False

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4
Q

Some of the papillae are innervated by ________ nerve endings?

A

somatosensory

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5
Q

Name the type of fibers associated with the following senses

  1. Touch?
  2. Warming?
  3. Cooling?
  4. Pain?
A
  1. Touch? – Ab & A delta
  2. Warming? – C
  3. Cooling? – A delta
  4. Pain? – A delta and C
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6
Q

Name the cranial nerves that are associated with the taste buds (3)

A

CN VII

CN IX

CN X

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7
Q

CN ____ serves the anterior mouth while CN ____ serves the posterior tongue and pharynx

A

CN V

CN IX

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8
Q

TERM – fusion of taste (olfactory) and sensations (oral somatosensory)

A

Flavor

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9
Q

When you are eating, volatile molecules from food stiumulate the olfactory epithelium via 2 routes

1.

2.

A
  1. Orthonasal
  2. Retronasal
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10
Q

_________ signals are particularly important in contributing to food flavor

A

Retronasal

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11
Q

True or False?

Taste and Olfactory signals enter the brain over separate cranial nerves?

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Taste and olfactory signals interact extensively in the CNS epsecially at the _____ ____ ____

A

Primary Gustatory Cortex

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13
Q

Taste is associated with CN ___,___,___ and arise from the brainstem unlike smell which is associated with CN ___ and is in the inferior portion of the brain (cribiform plate - crista gali)

A

CN VII, IX, X

CN I

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14
Q

What is the difference between Paraguesia and Phantogeusia?

A

Both deal with the taste quality

– Paraguesia = incorrect sensation

– Phantoguesia = taste in the absence of a stimulus

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15
Q

What is the difference between Hypergeusia and Hypogeusia?

A

Both deal with taste intensity

  • Hypergeusia – hightened sensation
  • Hypogeusia – reduced sensation
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16
Q

TERM – type of taste disorder in which there are NO sensations

A

Ageusia

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17
Q

True or False?

Hypo or Ageusia is less common than olfactory deficits

A

TRUE

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18
Q

What are some reasons for loss of taste?

A
  1. Idiopathic – unknown – most common
  2. Post-traumatic
  3. Post-operative
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19
Q

3 Functions of the taste system:

1.

2.

3.

A
  1. Distinguish nutrients between nutritive and non-nutritive substances
  2. Distinguish different nutrients
  3. Dectect harmful substances such as poisons and caustic chemicals
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20
Q

____ # of taste receptor classes

___ # stimuli classes

___ # qualities detected by stimuli

A

5

5

5

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21
Q

Name the 5 taste qualities that we are able to detect

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

A
  1. Sugars – SWEET
  2. Amino Acids – UMAMI
  3. Salts – SALTY
  4. Acids – SOUR
  5. Varied alkaloids, purine base, glycosides – BITTER
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22
Q

True or False

The sensation of spiciness is not dependent on the taste system

A

TRUE

Instead, spiciness is a part of the PAIN system, specifically the TRP receptors

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23
Q

Describe what a taste bud will look like histologically

A
  1. Onion like shape of goblet cells (40-60)
  2. Cell nuclei are at the base of the taste bud
  3. Nerve fibers are at the base of the taste bud
  4. Taste pore is at the surface - microvilli
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24
Q

What is the correct range of taste buds?

  1. 500
  2. 5,000
  3. 50,000
  4. 500,000
A

5,000

25
Q

Most of the taste buds are located on the _____, while other locations include _____,____ & _____.

A

Tongue (68%)

Pharynx & Larynx (27%)

Soft Palate (5%)

26
Q

True or False?

In the GI tract, there are similar taste receptors like the ones in our mouth

A

TRUE

27
Q

Taste buds are associated with 3 types of lingual papillae

1.

2.

3.

A
  1. Foliate Papillae
  2. Circumvallate Papillae
  3. Fungiform Papillae
28
Q

Fungiform Papillae are heavily concentrated on what portion of the tongue?

A

Anterior tip

29
Q

Fungiform papillae on the dorsal anterior tongue are innervated by the chorda tympani branch of CN ___?

A

VII

30
Q

Are fungiform papillae and the dorsal anterior tongue innervated by the same cranial nerve?

A

NO!

  1. Fungiform papillae are innervated by CN VII (BA-2)
  2. Dorsal anterior tongue is innervated by CN V (BA1)
31
Q

What type of papillae are strategically placed to monitor foo entering the mouth?

A

Fungiform Papillae

32
Q

True or False?

Filiform papillae contain taste buds

A

FALSE - they do NOT

33
Q

What are MORE numerous?

Fungiform papillae or Filiform papillae?

A

FILIFORM PAPILLAE

34
Q

This type of taste bud is known to have a “mushroom” shape under EM

A

Fungiform Papillae

35
Q

Why do fungiform papillae only 1 taste bud compared to most fungi which have multiple taste buds?

A

SIZE!

Fungiform papillae >>> Taste bud

36
Q

Taste buds are on the ______ surface of fungi

A

Dorsal

37
Q

Fiiform Papillae

  1. Shape?
  2. Keratinized?
  3. Taste buds?
  4. Innervation?
A
  1. Spine shape
  2. Heavily keratinized
  3. NO taste buds!!!
  4. Somatosensory fibers
38
Q

Foliate Papillae are innervated by CN___?

A

CN IX (BA3)

39
Q

Recall:

Fungiform Papillae are innervated by CN ___?

A

CN VII

40
Q

Why are foliate papillae located more posteriorly?

A

They are closer to the molars’ location to monitor food during chewing

41
Q

Are foliate papillae located laterally or centrally in the posterior region of the tongue?

A

Lateral aspect

42
Q

Organization of Foliate Papillae

A
  1. Densely packed
  2. 2-9 parallel folds
  3. Dorsoventral orientation
43
Q

Folliate Papillae

  1. taste buds are located in ____, not surfaces
  2. Many or few taste buds/foliate?
  3. Closely associated with _____ glands?
A
  1. trenches
  2. Many
  3. salivary (Von Ebner glands)
44
Q

Numer range of circumvallate papillae?

Number of associated taste buds????

A

8 - 10

~2,400

45
Q

What is the strategic location of the circumvallate papillae?

A

To monitor food just before swallowing

46
Q

Along with folliate papillae, circumvallate papillae are also located in a ______, not a dorsal surface

Also they are closely associated with ______ glands

A

Trench

Von Ebner’s Glands

47
Q

True or False

Taste buds are generally functionally redundant in their ability to sense different tastes

A

TRUE

There is one exception – taste buds on the larynx mainly respond to deviations from isotonicity (protect airway)

48
Q

Bitter substances are more intense when in contact with _____ taste buds

A

Posterior

49
Q

True or False?

Sensitivity and taste are relative, NOT absolute

A

True

50
Q

True or False?

Sweet sensations are tasted at the anterior tip of the tongue

A

FALSE – could be true; remember that a taste map is relative NOT absolute

51
Q

A single _______ papillae can usually detect more than one quality

A

fungiform

52
Q

The functional redundancy of the taste system makes it _____ in the face of partial taste loss

A

Resilient

53
Q

A study was conducted…

  1. Chorda tympani anesthesized on one size of the tongue (via middle ear)
  2. Observed intensity and taste stimuli of anterior tongue
  3. Taste stimuli are undetectable on the tongue _________ to the anesthesia
A

ipsilateral

54
Q

Chorda Tympani nerve anesthesia (unilateral or bilateral) produces ______ effects on “whole mouth” perception

A

minimal

55
Q
  1. CT & Lingual nerve damage can be caused by _______ surgery.
  2. CT nerve damage can be also caused by ______ surgery
  3. Damage will have negligible effects on “______-_____” taste
A
  1. 3rd molar surgery
  2. middle ear surgery
  3. whole mouth
56
Q

Perceptual effects of damage or anesthesia of a single taste nerve can be clearly detected with _________ ________ testing

A

special spatial

57
Q

True or False

When a person is allowed to use all of the taste buds in their mouth, effects of damage or anesthesia to a single nerve seem minor

A

TRUE

58
Q

True or False

The number of taste papillae slightly declines with age

A

FALSE

59
Q
A

Oral Histology Exam II (BLW) (7 decks)

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