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Oral Histology Exam II (BLW) > Aveolar Bone > Flashcards

Aveolar Bone Flashcards

1
Q

True or False

The mandible consists of both spongy and compact bone

A

TRUE

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2
Q

The ________ contains the neurovascular supply for the bone

A

Periosteum

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3
Q

Haversion System

  1. Name for the walls around the canal
  2. Where are nerves and blood supplied?
  3. Main Cell component?
  4. Name for cortical bone between osteons
  5. Name for connection between osteons
A
  1. Concentric Lamellae
  2. Central Canal
  3. Osteocytes
  4. Interstitial Lamellae
  5. Volkmann’s Canals
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4
Q

A primary osteon is formed _______ remodeling while the secondary osteon is formed _______ remodeling

A

Before

After

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5
Q

True or False?

Trabecular/Spongy bone contains Haversian Systems

A

FALSE

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6
Q

Name the organic and inorganic components of the bone matrix

A
  1. Inorganic – hydroxyapatite
  2. Organic – Type I collagen
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7
Q

Bone Cells are ultimately derived from a ________ stem cell

A

Mesenchymal

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8
Q

True or False

Osteocytes are derived from monocytes

A

FALSE

Osteoclasts

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9
Q

True or False?

MSC’s have a very fast growth rate

A

True

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10
Q

Recent research has shown success of MSC’s extracted from pigs to regenerate _______ in human cranio-facial region

A

regenerate bone

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11
Q

Research shows that MSC’s extracted from the _______ grow much faster than those extracted from the ______

A

Mandible

TIbia

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12
Q

TERM – procedure that lengthens long bones, very long time to ossify, scientists thought the use of MSC’s would speed up the process of ossification

A

Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis (MDO)

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13
Q

What is one potential reason why MSC’s of the mandible are such fast growing cells?

A

The density of the bone MSC’s are extracted from may play a role in the growth rate

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14
Q

Name the 4 steps of MSC surgery

A
  1. MSC transplantation
  2. MSC survival and proliferation
  3. MSC differentiates into osteoblasts
  4. New bone formation
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15
Q

What minerals are needed in order for osteoblasts to form new bone?

A

Calcium

Phosphorus

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16
Q

Name this type of cell

  1. Location – on bone surface
  2. Cuboidal in shape
  3. Mononucleated
  4. Basophilic cytoplasm (RER)
A

Osteoblasts

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17
Q

The major function of osteoblasts

A

Synthesizes and secretes extracellular matrix

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18
Q

The regulation of matrix minteralization is regulated by several enzymes such as…

A
  1. TNAP
  2. NPP1
  3. NTP
  4. ANK
  5. BSP
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19
Q

Name the proteons that simulates osteoclast differentiation and maturation

A

RANKL

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20
Q

OPG binds to ______ and indirectly inhibits osteoclast differentiation

A

RANKL

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21
Q

TERM–

  • derived from osteoblasts when buried in the matrix
  • Located in the lacunae inside the matrix
  • MOST abundant type of cell in bone
  • Mononucleated
  • Multiple dendritic processes
A

Osteocytes – bone-maintaining Cells

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22
Q

Osteocytes regulate ______ & osteoclasts through cell processes to help maintain bone vitality and function

A

osteoblasts

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23
Q

After sensing ________, bone formation/resorption is regulated via ___/____ system

A

Loading

OPG/RANKL

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24
Q

True or False?

Osteoclasts are teh largest of all bone cell types

A

TRUE

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25
What is a unique feature about osteoclasts compared to other bone cells?
Multinucleated!!
26
Do osteoclasts demineralize or mineralize bone?
Demineralize bone! Degrade organic matrix Endocytosis of degraded products
27
Bone Lining Cells: 1. _______ spindle shape 2. Location? 3. Ovoid \_\_\_\_-nucleus 4. Amount of organelles?
1. Flattened 2. On bone surface 3. mono-nucleus 4. Few organelles
28
True or False Although bone lining cells' function is uncertain, it is thought to be induced to proliferate and differentiate osteoblasts
TRUE
29
Name the 3 processes for bone formation 1. 2. 3.
1. Endochondral Ossification 2. Intramembranous Ossification 3. Sutural Bone Formation
30
True or False? The surface and sutures of the jaw are formed via endochondral ossification while the condyle is formed via intramembranous ossification
FALSE The surface and sutures of the jaw are formed via **intramembranous ossification** while the condyle is formed via **endochondral ossification**
31
When referring to bone \_\_\_\_, it is referencing ... 1. the overall bone size and shape & 2. bone formation and resorption at different locations
Modeling
32
When referring to bone \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, it is referring to.. 1. replacement of the existing bone 2. Bone formation and resorption is at the same location but occurs at different times
Remodeling
33
List the 5 steps in the remodeling cycle 1. Activation 2. 3. Reversal 4. 5. Resting
1. Activation 2. Resorption 3. Reversal 4. Formation 5. Resting
34
Secondary Osteons are important for ______ bone remoedling
Cortical (compact)
35
True or False? Trabuecular (spongy) bone remodeling starts at the bone surfaces
True
36
Is the bone remodeling rate higher in adults or children?
Children
37
True or False Formation Time \>\>\> Resorption Time
True
38
Which remodels faster? Trabecular or Cortical bone?
Trabecular Bone --think of light spongy bone... less time to mineralize
39
What disease can occur is there is an unbalanced formation or resorption?
Osteoporosis
40
The alvelolar bone is broken into 2 types 1. _______ bone (more internal) 2. _______ bone (more external)
1. Bundle Bone 2. Cortical Bone
41
The Alveolar bone which is in the _____ of the mandible consists of trabecular and compact bone
Apical 1/3
42
The lower portion of the mandible consists of the _______ bone
Basal
43
The interdental septum has two layers of bone 1. 2.
1. Bundle Bone 2. Supporting Bone
44
What insert it's fibers into the bundle bone layer?
Sharpey's fibers
45
What cells might you see on the bone surface in a histological section?
1. Osteoblasts 2. Bone Lining Cells
46
What cells are present between Sharpey's fibers?
1. Fibroblasts 2. MSC's 3. Vascular Cells
47
Jaw bone mesenchyme is developed from ____ \_\_\_\_ ____ from branchial arch # \_\_?
Neural Crest Cells Arch 1
48
True or False? Postnatal growth of the alveolar process is highly correlated with tooth eruption
True
49
TERM -- occurs due to poor development of alveolar bone
Tooth agenesis
50
During growth of the alveolar bone, bone resorption occurs where?
Lingual Surface and buccal bundle bone
51
During alveolar bone growth, bone formation occurs where?
1. Vertically at crests along with tooth eruption 2. Transversely at buccal surfaces and lingual bundle
52
Give a few risk factors for alveolar bone loss
1. Periodontal Disease 2. Tooth loss and mobility 3. Pathology 4. Systemic Disease 5. Medication side effects 6. Trauma, parafunction, excessive orthodontic force
53
Give a few techniques for alveolar bone preservation
1. Guided bone regeneration with bioabsorbably membranes 2. Bovine-derived bone grafy 3. Mineralized human allograft 4. Immediate Implants
54
True or False? During orthodontic movement, the interdental septum is relocated but not removed
True
55
When moving a tooth orthodontically, one side of the tooth will have bone ______ while the other side of the tooth will have bone \_\_\_\_\_\_.
remodeling formation
56
What attaches and adapts to bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement?
PDL
57
True or False? For the side bone that is resorbing, the PDL detaches
TRUE
58
True or False? Osteoclasts are usually present in the PDL
FALSE
59
Upon receiving compressive forces, what are recruited from the _____ \_\_\_\_\_ or _____ \_\_\_\_\_\_ to act on bone resorption
Blood flow (light pressure) or bone marrow (heavy pressure)
60
The site of bone formation is the side of the tooth that the tooth moves (away/towards)?
Away
61
Name 4 possible sources of osteoblasts
1. Already present at bone surface 2. MSC in the PDL 3. MSC in the bone marrow 4. Bone Lining Cells

Oral Histology Exam II (BLW) (7 decks)

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