Oral Pathology 1 Flashcards
1
Q
is squamous papilloma in children benign or malignant?
A
benign
2
Q
what types of HPV are there in squamous papilloma in kids
A
6, 11 (low virulence)
3
Q
where are the most common sites for squamous papilloma for kids?
A
tongue, palate, lips
4
Q
solitary, pink or white papilllary nodule, fingerlike or cauliflower surface, pedunculated
A
S/S for squamous papilloma in kids
5
Q
what is the treatment for squamous papilloma for kids?
A
excise, not precancerous
6
Q
what is the cause of verruca vulgaris?
A
HPV 2
7
Q
what is the prevalence of verruca vulgaris?
A
10-15% of children
8
Q
what is the age for verruca vulgaris?
A
12-16 yo
9
Q
what are the sites for verruca vulgaris?
A
hands, face are common
10
Q
nodule with fingerlike projections or rough pebbly surface, pink or white, painless, usually MULTIPLE
A
verruca vulgaris
11
Q
what is the treatment for verruca vulgaris?
A
remission - 65% in 2 years
exceise if in the mouth
cryotherapy for skin
12
Q
what is the px for verruca vulgaris?
A
recurs but no malignant potential
13
Q
most common oral “tumor”
A
irritation fibroma
- may arise from pyogenic granuloma
- also from tongue ring
14
Q
what causes irritation fibroma?
A
chronic trauma
15
Q
where is irritation fibroma most commonly found?
A
buccal mucosa, lip, tongue, along the bite line
16
Q
single pink or gray-brown nodule, smooth surface, soongy, painless
A
irritation fibroma
17
Q
what is the tx for irritation firbroma?
A
excise, does not recur
*variant is the frenal tag
18
Q
fibrous tumor with an unknown cause?
A
giant cell fibroma
19
Q
what is the age range for giant cell fibroma?
A
60% in first 3 decades
20
Q
where are the most common sites for giant cell fibroma?
A
gingiva (50%), tongue, palate
21
Q
pale, pink nodule with stippled or papillary surface, painless
A
giant cell fibroma
*MAY CAUSE SUBTLE TOOTH DISPLACEMENT
22
Q
what is the treatment for giant cell fibroma?
A
excise, does not recur
23
Q
developmental entity that occurs in 25-99% of children and young adults that are bilateral and pink
A
retrocuspid papilla
24
Q
what are the sites of retrocusid papilla
A
lingual gingiva of canines
25
what is found in the microbiology of retrocuspid papillas?
giant cell fibromas
26
what is the treatment for retrocuspid papillas?
-none, anatomic variation and most regress with age
27
common vascualr growth - exuberant response to local irritation
-red soft nodule with ulcerated surface, rapid growth
Pyogenic granuloma
28
does pyogenic granuloma happen more in adults/kids? Females/males?
- kids
| - females
29
where is the most common site for pyogenic granuloma?
gingiva (80%)
30
what might a pyogenic granuloma mature into?
irritation fibroma
*may represent hormonal (pregnancy) tumor
31
what are the other reactive gingival lesions in addition to pyogenic granuloma?
- peripheral ossifying fibroma
- peripheral giant cell granuloma
- localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia
32
common vascular tumor that is a red, purople macule or nodule that is rubbery and may blanch
hemangioma
33
when do most hemangiomas develop?
first 8 weeks of life
34
where do hemangiomas usually occur
head and neck region (60%)
35
which gender is more likely to get a hemangioma?
females
36
what are the most common oral sites for hemangiomas?
tongue, lips
37
what is the % for complications with hemangiomas?
20%
*bleeding, scarring, malocclusion, infection, airway obstruciton, cosmetic concerns
38
what is the tx for hemangiomas?
involution by yo or surgery laser, meds
39
these are present at birth and persist throughout life (grow with the child)
vascular malformations
40
vascualr malformation that deals with the capillaries?
port-wine stain
41
congenital hemartoma of lymphatics that is pebbly, pink, red, purple vesicles that have a (frog eggs) or tapioca pudding appearance
lymphangioma
42
what age do kids get lymphangiomas?
- 50% at birth
| - 90% by 2 years
43
where are lymphangiomas usually found?
50-75% occur in head and neck region, tongue, lips, labial mucosa
44
what is the tx for lymphangioma?
excise, recurs, rarely involutes 3%
45
what are the complications with lymphangiomas?
- airway obstruction
- dyphagia
- disfigurement
46
reactive lesion of salivary glands, that is the spillage of mucin. transleucent blue filled swelling, fluctuates in size and may be tender
mucoceles
47
what is the cause of mucolcels?
trauma to ducts and glands
48
what is the age to get mucoceles?
children but may be present at birth
49
what is the most common place to get a mucocele?
lower lip
50
mucocele on the floor of the mouth?
ranula
* involves sublingual gland
* involves complications with the neck
51
what is the tx for mucocele?
excisional biopsy with adjacent glands. some heal spontaneously
52
what is the complication with ranulas?
neck (plundging ranulas)
53
gingival cysts of the newborns that involve tiny 1-3mm white papules, nontender, occasionally larger and cystic in appearance
neonatal cysts
54
how common are gingival cysts of the newborn?
-occur in 50% of neonates
55
how common are palatal cysts of the newborn?
55-85% of neonates
56
what are common types of palatal cysts?
- epstein pearls (median palatal raphe)
| - bohn's nodule (hard palate/soft palate junction)
57
what is the tx for neonatal cysts?
none, slough spontaneously
58
benign congenital tumor that is a non-tender, firm, pink to red, polypoid mass with smooth surface
congenital epulis
59
what gender is more likely to get congenital epulis?
females
60
which arch is more commonly affected by congenital epulis?
max
61
what is the tx for congenital epulis?
excision, may regress
62
soft tissue dentigerous cyst or hemartoma that is amber, red, or blue soft tissue swelling, may be tender
eruption cysts and hematoma
63
at what age do eruption cysts and hematomas occur?
first decade
64
what are the most common sites for eruption cyst and hematomas?
any site but especially max incisors
65
what is the treatment for eruption cysts and hematoma?
spontaneoulsy ruptures and resolves, simple excision if deplayed eruption
66
most common odontogenic cyst - associated with the crown of unerupted tooth. non-tender, delayed tooth eruption
dentigerous cyst
67
what is seen on an xray that is associated with dentigerous cysts?
pericoronal radioleucency
68
what is the treatment for dentigerous cysts?
excisional biopsy
69
what is the most common site for dentigerous cysts?
molar and canine region
70
common odontogenic neoplasm, really a harmartoma or developmental anomaly. Delayed tooth eruption; +/- expansion
odontoma
71
what is the mean age to get an odontoma?
14
72
which arch is more affected with odontomas?
max
73
what is seen on an x ray with an odontoma?
compound: tooth - like
complex: calcified mass
radioleucent rim: cystic
74
what is the treatment for odontomas?
excision, do not recur
75
what is the cause for idopathic osteosclerosis?
unknown
76
what is the prevalence for idopathic osteosclerosis
5%
77
when does idopathic osteosclerosis arise?
-1st decade or second decade with peak in the 3rd decade
78
what is the most common site for idopathic osteosclerosis
mandible, molar-premolar region
79
what may be seen on an xray with idopathic osteosclerosis
well defined, oval density, usually uniformly opaque, periapical region
80
what is the treatment for idopathic osteosclerosis
periodic eval, stabilizes
81
what is the differential dx for idopathic osteosclerosis
condensing osteitis, osteoma, focal cemnto-osseus dysplasia, central ossifying fibroma
82
acute infectious disease with SUDDEN ONSET that accomplanies fever, malaise, headache, lymphadenopathy, painful, firey red, swollen gingiva, pharyngitis, vesicles and ulcers
herpes simplex infection
83
what is the duration for herpes simplex virus?
10-14 days
84
what is the most common site for herpes simplex virus?
perioral skin and intraoral mucosa
85
what is the cause of herpes simplex virus
HSV type 1
86
what is the tx for herpes simplex virus?
topical coating agents, acyclovir, other antivirals for some cases, control fever,l inc fluids
87
recurrent viral infection that is localized, tender, red clusterd vesicles, crusted ulcers
secondary HSV infection
88
what is the prevalence of secondary HSV infection
33%
89
what is the cause of secondary HSV infection
reactivation of HSV
90
what are the triggers for secondary HSV infection
UV light, trauma, fever, tooth eruption, dental treatment
91
what is the common site for secondary HSV infection
lip vermillion
92
what is the tx for secondary HSV infection
topical and systemic antivirals, sunscreen
93
creamy white plaques, wipe off, red patches that burn
candidiasis
94
what is the tx for candidiasis
antifungal agents
95
also known as central papillary atrophy. Pink, red, or white smooth or lobulated patch of midline dorsal tongue
median rhomboid glossitis
96
what should you look for if you see median rhomboid glossitis?
kissing lesions on palate and angular chelitis
97
what is the cause of median rhomboid glossitis
candidal infection or anatomy
98
what is the tx for median rhomboid glossitis
antifungal agents
99
lesions that are common with autism and psychologic disorders that have chronic ulcers, gingival recession, bizzare shape, sharp outlines, and could be single or multiple
self mutilation lesions
100
what is the most common age group for self mutilation lesions
80% younger than 12
101
what is the most common gender with self mutilation lesions
females
102
what is the most common site with self mutilation lesions
whatever site is easy to reach
103
what is the treatment for self mutilation lesions
ID the cause, palliative tx, psychological assessment
104
chronic factitial habit that shows shaggy, shredded, white patches with or without redness and ulcers
chronic mucosal chewing
105
what is the most common site for chronic mucosal chewing
occlusal plane, buccal mucosa and tongue
106
represents a traumatic granuloma that has red and white deep, irregular ulcer, may have a soft tissue enlargemnt
riga-fede disease
107
chronic trauma of anterior ventral tongue associated with natal and neonatal teeth
riga-fede disease
108
how long does it take riga-fede disease to heal
7-14 days
109
what is the tx for riga-fede disease
ID cause, modify feeding position and device, smooth incisal surface, extract teeth, CHX rinse
110
also known as geographic tongue, erythema migrans that has multiple red, annular patches with white scalloped border and LOSS OF FILLIFORM PAPILLAE
benign migratory glossitis
111
what is the prevalence of benign migratory glossitis
3%
112
what is the most common site of benign migratory glossitis
dorsum of tongue
113
what is the duration of benign migratory glossitis
persistent (waxes and wanes)
114
what is the tx of benign migratory glossitis
palliative tx
115
solitary oval, brown/gray macule that is caused by a focal inc in melanin
oral melanotic lesion
116
what are oral melanotic lesions called if they are on the skin?
ephilis (freckles)
117
what is the common age of oral melanotic lesion
all ages
118
what is the common gender of oral melanotic lesion
females
119
what is the tx of oral melanotic lesion
none required, no malignant potential
