Oral Mucosa - Haematological Disorders Flashcards
What does anaemia means?
Blood has decreased ability to carry O2 caused by reduced haemoglobin
Why can haemoglobin levels be reduced?
Decrease no RBC
Loss/ destruction - injury, disease, infection
Failure of production
Blood loss
What causes normoytic anaemia?
Blood loss
What cause macrocytic anaemia?
B21/ folate deficiency
What cause microcytic anaemia?
Iron deficiency
What are some causes of microcytic anaemia? (Fe)
Inadequate intake
Increased loss blood
Increased demand, prep
Systemic features of anaemia?
Lethargy Skin/ nail change Mucosal change Oesophageal webbing Palpitation
Causes macrocytic anaemia?
B12/ folate define icy Alcohol Liver disease Hypothyroidsm Drugs
Causes B12 deficiency?
Malabsorption in ileum
Dietary insufficiency
GI disease
What is pernicious anaemia?
Auto-immune gastritis causing damage parietal cells - causes B12 not to be absorbed
What can cause folate deficiency?
Dietary insufficiency
Malabsorption upper smal intestine
Drugs e.g anticonvulsants
Oral manifestations of anaemia?
Olal ulceration Glossitis/ stonatitis Depapillated, smooth tongue Altered taste Candidasis Burning mouth
What is leukaemia?
Malignant disease of blood forming cells in bone marrow
Diff types of leukaemia?
Chronic or acute
Myeloid or lymphocytic
What causes symptoms in acute leukaemia?
Bone marrow failure or organ infiltration
What does lack WBC in acute leukaemia cause?
Bacterial infection
Delayed healing
Bleeding/ bruising
What see in chronic leukaemia?
Anaemia
Bleeding/ infection
Weight loss
Oral manifestation leukaemia?
Gingival inflammation and swelling
Ulceration
Increased susepctibility infection
What causes multiple myeloma?
Tumour of monoclonal plasma cells
What see urine of pt w/ multiple myeloma
Bence-jone protein
What is multiple myeloma?
Bone marrow cancer
What happens in multiple myeloma when tumour proliferates?
bone pain
osteoporosis
osteolytic lesions
What is leucopenia?
Reduction white blood cells
What is neutropenia?
Reduced neutrophils
