Oral Medications Flashcards
Medication Administration Record (MAR)
A document containing a client’s prescribed medications, dosage, route, administration times, and details such as start and end times or parameters for administration of the medication.
Electronic Health Records (EHR)
A digital version of a client’s legal record of a single encounter or visits within a health care organization.
Transcribe
To enter a therapeutic provider prescription received verbally or by telephone accurately into the MAR.
Prescription
A written or electronic transmission of a direction or order for the dispensation and administration of a medication.
MARs vary by facility, but all have the same basic information:
Client’s identifying information
Current date
Prescription information
Time of medication administration
Basic MAR and eMAR Template includes:
1.The client’s identifying information, including name, date of birth, admission date, medical record number, attending provider, sex, age, height, weight, and allergies
2. The current date
3. The date the provider writes the prescription and a stop date, if appropriate
4. Scheduled medications
5. PRN medications
6. IV fluids and medications
7. The time of medication administration with separate columns for each 8- or 12-hr segment of the day
8. The nurse’s signature
Unit-dose
A method of medication delivery in which each dose of medication (unit) is packaged separately and labeled with the medication name and expiration date.
The medication dispensing system
The provider makes the order
The pharmacist dispenses
The nurse administers
The medication label provides
including the form, concentration, directions for use, total dose in the unit package, storage information, and expiration date.
Unit-Dose Label Example
- The medication’s generic and brand names
- The dosage strength of the medication (100 mg in 4 mL)
- The expiration date
In a pharmacy bulk system?
A labeled container holds multiple doses of a medication
Liquid Medication Template and Example
- The medication’s generic and brand names (acetaminophen)
- Identifies the use for the medication (to relieve fever or pain), although this information is not necessarily present on every multiple-dose container
- Lists how much medication is in the container (120 mL, or 4 fl oz)
- The concentration of the medication (160 mg/5 mL)
- Explains the directions for use (shake the bottle before using and administer 5 mL every 4 hr for symptoms)
- Explains how to store the medication (at room temperature)
- The expiration date
Where are medications usually stored?
Medication carts, medication rooms, locked medication cabinets in individual client rooms, and automated medication dispensing systems.
What makes a drug as a controlled substance?
Medication with the potential for addiction, misuse, and physical or mental injury are regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration.
What does multi-dose refer to?
A form of packaging of a medication in which more than one dose is available.
What does a solution refer to?
A liquid made up of a diluent, such as water, and one or more dissolved medication compounds.
Automated dispensing system
A secure system used to manage medication inventory and dispensation.
Biometric identification
A unique form of identification, such a fingerprint, to access a system like an automated dispensing system.
What is a tablet?
a medication compressed into a disk-like shape.
What is an enteric-coated tablet? What is the benefit?
a medication coated with a compound that will not dissolve until the tablet passes through the stomach and is exposed to the fluids in the small intestine. This prevents irritation of the stomach lining.
What is a troche?
A flat, round tablet—also called a lozenge—designed to be dissolved in the mouth and not swallowed.
What is a capsule?
a medication encased in a container made of gelatin.
What is the difference between a sustained-release capsule and capsule?
the medication is contained in small beads with a coating that allows release over a period of time, usually 12 to 24 hr.
What is a capsule?
a cross between a capsule and a tablet.
What is sublingual?
Route of medication administration in which a medication is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve.
What is buccal?
Route of medication administration in which medication is placed inside the client’s mouth next to the cheek or the gum and allowed to dissolve.
What is an elixir?
Clear liquid medication that is suspended in water and/or alcohol.
What is a syrup?
A concentrated sugar solution in which medication is suspended.
What is suspension?
A liquid containing fine particles of a medication dispersed throughout. This form of medication requires shaking prior to administration because particles settle to the bottom of container.
Who is an enteral feeding tube placed for?
Clients to deliver nutrition and medications to clients who are unable to take them in through the oral cavity.
