Oral Manifestations of Disease Flashcards
What lymph node groupings in the head do we need to be aware of?
Submental Submandibular Occipital Pre auricular Post auricular Cervical chain
What diseases cause these changes in colour in teeth?
a) yellow to brown or grey
b) opaque white or brown patches
c) green
d) purple or brown
a) tetracycline staining
b) fluorosis
c) jaundice
d) dentinogenesis or oseoteogenesis imperfecta
What are the main causes of dental hypoplasia?
Congenital syphillus Severe childhood fever Severe fluorosis Severe rickets Hypoparathyroidism
What are the 3 causes for an abnormal tooth surface?
1) Erosion (extrinsic from diet or intrinsic from gastric acid)
2) Attrition (bruxism, TMJD)
3) Abrasion (use a device intra orally such as wind instrument or pipe)
What can cause these changes to the oral mucous membrane?
a) pallor
b) pigmentation
c) blue
d) yellow tint
e) white
a) anaemia
b) ethnicity or Addisons disease
c) cyanosis (cardio or respiro problem)
d) jaundice
e) keratosis
What are the main causes of gingival or mucosal bleeding?
Purposa (acute leukaemia and HIV/AIDS or excess steroid use)
Clotting disorders
Acute gingivitis
Gingival hyperplasia
What are some causes of oral ulceration?
Apthous ulceration (mainly due to anaemia)
Bechets disease
Reactive arthritis (methotrexate taken causes oral ulceration)
Disorders with haematological associations e.g. deficiencies or leukemia
Associated with drug therapies
e.g. cardiovascular, oral hypoglycemics, gold, urea
What are the main oral manifestations of UC?
- Haemorrhage lesions
- Apthous ulcers
- Pyoderma gangrenosum
- Pyostomatitis vegetans
Why does anaemia lead to glossitis?
Iron deficiency (loss of papillae as iron is stored in the filiform papillae)
Why does enlarged tongue occur?
- Hypertrophy/hyperplasia from use
- Acromegaly
- Amyloidosis
- Haemangioma
- Neoplasia
What is amylodosis?
Protein deposition in soft tissues. Often a monoclonal protein.
What investigations do we need for secondary Sjorgens?
Salivary flow rate
Blood test (auto-antibodies)
Labial gland biopsy
Classifical ultrasound pattern
Other than secondary Sjorgen’s, what can cause a dry mouth?
- Dry mouth from drugs / therapeutics (beta blockers, anti-depressants, diuretics, chemo/radio therapy)
- ENT (obligate mouth breathers)
- Anxiety states
What are parts of the clinical oral dryness scale?
- Mirror sticks to buccal mucosa
- Mirror sticks to tongue
- Frothy saliva
- No saliva pooling in floor of mouth
- Tongue shows generalised shortened papillae
- Altered gingival architecture
- Glassy appearance of oral mucosa
- Tongue lobulated / fissured
- Cervical caries
- Debris on palate
What are the common conditions that come with being immunosuppressed?
- Candidosis
- Kaposis sarcoma
- Hairy leucoplakia
- Angular chelitus
- Herpes simplex
- Recurrent ulcers
- Rapidly progressive periodontitis
- Parotitis
