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Oral Malignancies Flashcards

1
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma age of incidence/pattern?

A

bimodal - 15 to 35 and after 50.

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2
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma affects what lymph nodes?

A

cervical and supraclavicular nodes initially

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3
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma clinical presentation

A

Persistent enlarging, nontender mass in lymph node. Initially movable but becomes fixed.
Weight loss, fever, night sweats, generalized pruritus

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4
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma histopath

A

Reed-sternberg cell “owl eye”/”pennies on plate” nucleus

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5
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma most common in what patients?

A

Most common malignancy of AIDS patients

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6
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma magority are what cells?

A

Majority B-cell

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7
Q

MALT lymphoma is what kind of lymphoma? Associated with what sydnrome?

A

Non-hodgkin lymphoma, Sjogrens syndrome

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8
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma clinical presentation

A

mass of lymph nodes
erythematous and boggy soft tissue
Oral - soft tissue or bone
Bony involvement presents as vague pain with ill-defined radiolucency

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9
Q

Burkitt Lymphoma from expression of what virus?

A

EBV

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10
Q

Two types of Burkitt Lymphoma?

A

endemic/african - posterior maxilla/mandible, prevalent in young children

Sporadic/American - abdominal

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11
Q

Burkitt Lymphoma clinical findings

A

Facial swelling
Proptosis
Enlargement of gingiva Destruction of alveolar bone Deciduous tooth loss

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12
Q

Burkitt lymphoma genetic source?

A

t(8;14) MYC oncogene

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13
Q

Burkitt lymphoma histopath?

A

“starry sky” from macrophages

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14
Q

Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma aka?

A

Angiocentric T-Cell lymphoma,

midline lethal granuloma

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15
Q

Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma clinical features

A

Nasal/palatal perforations
Nasal stuffiness
Epistaxis
Swelling of soft palate/ulceration

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16
Q

Leukemia is malignancy of…

A

hematopoietic stem cells - proliferation of abnormal white blood cells & immature white cells

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17
Q

Leukemia forms..

A

Chronic myeloid - philadelphia chromosome 22
Chronic lymphocytic - most common type, elderly
Acute lymphoblastic - children
Acute myeloid - over 40 yrs

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18
Q

Clinical presentation of leukemia

A 
Myelophthisic anemia
fatigue
thrombocytopenia
fever
oral findings
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19
Q

What is myelophthisic anemia

A

crowding out normal hematopoietic stem cells by malignant cells

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20
Q

What are intraoral findings of leukemia?

A 
Diffuse boggy gingival enlargment (mostly in myelo types)
Candidiasis
Neutropenic ulcers
Herpetic infection
Tumorlike growth
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21
Q

Multiple myeloma malignancy of?

A

plasma cells

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22
Q

Multiple myeloma radiographic features?

A

punched out well defined radiolucency

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23
Q

Multiple myeloma presenting symptoms

A

bone pain
fatigue
renal failure

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24
Q

Multiple myeloma clinical features?

A

firm and enlarged tongue

periorbital skin firm waxy

25
Most common skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
26
Basal cell carcinoma caused by
chronic exposure to UV rays
27
Basal cell carcinoma associated with what syndromes
Nevoid basal cell ca syndrome aka Gorlin syndrome
28
Basal cell carcinoma clinical features
firm, painless papule with central depression
29
Basal cell carcinoma metastasis how common?
Rare
30
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma caused by?
EBV Lack vitamin C salt fish
31
Malignant salivary gland tumors most common form?
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
32
Kaposi sarcoma caused by?
HHV 8
33
Epidemic form of Kaposi sarcoma appearance
Red/purple non-blanching plaques on hard palate, gingiva, tongue. Can invade bone and cause tooth mobility
34
Rhabdomyosarcoma types?
embryonal - most common alveolar pleomorphic on extremities
35
Most common soft tissue sarcoma in children?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
36
Frequent location of Rhabdomyosarcoma?
head and neck, genital tract
37
Leiomyosarcoma malignancy of?
smooth muscle
38
Leiomyosarcoma common locations?
uterine wall and GI tract
39
Angiosarcoma malignant tumor of?
vascular endothelium
40
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor common seen in patients with?
Neurofibromatosis type 1
41
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor clinical features?
rapidly enlarging mass with pain & nerve deficit
42
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor radiographic apperance
widening of mandibular canal or mental foramen
43
Osteosarcoma malignancy of?
mesenchymal cells that produce osteoid
44
Most common malignancy in bone (excluding hematopoietic neoplasms)?
osteosarcoma
45
Risk factor for osteosarcoma?
paget disease
46
osteosarcoma radiographic findings
``` Sunburst pattern Codman triangle elevation of periosteum Symmetrical widening of PDL Radiopaque Mixed Radiolucent with ill-defined borders ```
47
Chondrosarcoma neoplasm of tumor cells forming what?
cartilage lol
48
Ewing sarcoma - genetic source
t11;22
49
Ewing sarcoma radiographic apperance
onion skin | ill-defined radiolucency or mixed pattern
50
Explanation for blood-borne metastasis to head/neck?
Batson plexus - valveless vertebral venous plexus bypass filtration through lungs and allow retrograde spread of tumor cells
51
Common site of soft tissue metastasis?
gingiva
52
Clinical features for soft tissue metastasis
nodular mass, surface ulceration
53
Common metastasis sources to oral?
Men: lung, renal, skin Women: breast, renal, genital
54
Most common cause of cancer involving bone?
metastatic carcinoma to bone
55
metastatic carcinoma to bone affects what bone in face?
mandible esp molar region
56
metastatic carcinoma to bone common tumor source
Breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, kidney
57
metastatic carcinoma to bone clinical features?
Pain, swelling, tooth mobility, trismus | Numb chin syndrome
58
metastatic carcinoma to bone radiographic features
ill-defined/moth-eaten radiolucent Pathologic fracture Widening of PDL

Path 2 (5 decks)

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