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Path 2 > Oral Malignancies > Flashcards

Oral Malignancies Flashcards

1
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma age of incidence/pattern?

A

bimodal - 15 to 35 and after 50.

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2
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma affects what lymph nodes?

A

cervical and supraclavicular nodes initially

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3
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma clinical presentation

A

Persistent enlarging, nontender mass in lymph node. Initially movable but becomes fixed.
Weight loss, fever, night sweats, generalized pruritus

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4
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma histopath

A

Reed-sternberg cell “owl eye”/”pennies on plate” nucleus

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5
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma most common in what patients?

A

Most common malignancy of AIDS patients

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6
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma magority are what cells?

A

Majority B-cell

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7
Q

MALT lymphoma is what kind of lymphoma? Associated with what sydnrome?

A

Non-hodgkin lymphoma, Sjogrens syndrome

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8
Q

Non-hodgkin lymphoma clinical presentation

A

mass of lymph nodes
erythematous and boggy soft tissue
Oral - soft tissue or bone
Bony involvement presents as vague pain with ill-defined radiolucency

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9
Q

Burkitt Lymphoma from expression of what virus?

A

EBV

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10
Q

Two types of Burkitt Lymphoma?

A

endemic/african - posterior maxilla/mandible, prevalent in young children

Sporadic/American - abdominal

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11
Q

Burkitt Lymphoma clinical findings

A

Facial swelling
Proptosis
Enlargement of gingiva Destruction of alveolar bone Deciduous tooth loss

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12
Q

Burkitt lymphoma genetic source?

A

t(8;14) MYC oncogene

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13
Q

Burkitt lymphoma histopath?

A

“starry sky” from macrophages

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14
Q

Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma aka?

A

Angiocentric T-Cell lymphoma,

midline lethal granuloma

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15
Q

Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma clinical features

A

Nasal/palatal perforations
Nasal stuffiness
Epistaxis
Swelling of soft palate/ulceration

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16
Q

Leukemia is malignancy of…

A

hematopoietic stem cells - proliferation of abnormal white blood cells & immature white cells

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17
Q

Leukemia forms..

A

Chronic myeloid - philadelphia chromosome 22
Chronic lymphocytic - most common type, elderly
Acute lymphoblastic - children
Acute myeloid - over 40 yrs

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18
Q

Clinical presentation of leukemia

A 
Myelophthisic anemia
fatigue
thrombocytopenia
fever
oral findings
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19
Q

What is myelophthisic anemia

A

crowding out normal hematopoietic stem cells by malignant cells

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20
Q

What are intraoral findings of leukemia?

A 
Diffuse boggy gingival enlargment (mostly in myelo types)
Candidiasis
Neutropenic ulcers
Herpetic infection
Tumorlike growth
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21
Q

Multiple myeloma malignancy of?

A

plasma cells

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22
Q

Multiple myeloma radiographic features?

A

punched out well defined radiolucency

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23
Q

Multiple myeloma presenting symptoms

A

bone pain
fatigue
renal failure

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24
Q

Multiple myeloma clinical features?

A

firm and enlarged tongue

periorbital skin firm waxy

25
Q

Most common skin cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

26
Q

Basal cell carcinoma caused by

A

chronic exposure to UV rays

27
Q

Basal cell carcinoma associated with what syndromes

A

Nevoid basal cell ca syndrome aka Gorlin syndrome

28
Q

Basal cell carcinoma clinical features

A

firm, painless papule with central depression

29
Q

Basal cell carcinoma metastasis how common?

A

Rare

30
Q

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma caused by?

A

EBV
Lack vitamin C
salt fish

31
Q

Malignant salivary gland tumors most common form?

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

32
Q

Kaposi sarcoma caused by?

A

HHV 8

33
Q

Epidemic form of Kaposi sarcoma appearance

A

Red/purple non-blanching plaques on hard palate, gingiva, tongue.
Can invade bone and cause tooth mobility

34
Q

Rhabdomyosarcoma types?

A

embryonal - most common
alveolar
pleomorphic on extremities

35
Q

Most common soft tissue sarcoma in children?

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

36
Q

Frequent location of Rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

head and neck, genital tract

37
Q

Leiomyosarcoma malignancy of?

A

smooth muscle

38
Q

Leiomyosarcoma common locations?

A

uterine wall and GI tract

39
Q

Angiosarcoma malignant tumor of?

A

vascular endothelium

40
Q

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor common seen in patients with?

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1

41
Q

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor clinical features?

A

rapidly enlarging mass with pain & nerve deficit

42
Q

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor radiographic apperance

A

widening of mandibular canal or mental foramen

43
Q

Osteosarcoma malignancy of?

A

mesenchymal cells that produce osteoid

44
Q

Most common malignancy in bone (excluding hematopoietic neoplasms)?

A

osteosarcoma

45
Q

Risk factor for osteosarcoma?

A

paget disease

46
Q

osteosarcoma radiographic findings

A 
Sunburst pattern
Codman triangle elevation of periosteum
Symmetrical widening of PDL
Radiopaque
Mixed
Radiolucent with ill-defined borders
47
Q

Chondrosarcoma neoplasm of tumor cells forming what?

A

cartilage lol

48
Q

Ewing sarcoma - genetic source

A

t11;22

49
Q

Ewing sarcoma radiographic apperance

A

onion skin

ill-defined radiolucency or mixed pattern

50
Q

Explanation for blood-borne metastasis to head/neck?

A

Batson plexus - valveless vertebral venous plexus bypass filtration through lungs and allow retrograde spread of tumor cells

51
Q

Common site of soft tissue metastasis?

A

gingiva

52
Q

Clinical features for soft tissue metastasis

A

nodular mass, surface ulceration

53
Q

Common metastasis sources to oral?

A

Men: lung, renal, skin
Women: breast, renal, genital

54
Q

Most common cause of cancer involving bone?

A

metastatic carcinoma to bone

55
Q

metastatic carcinoma to bone affects what bone in face?

A

mandible esp molar region

56
Q

metastatic carcinoma to bone common tumor source

A

Breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, kidney

57
Q

metastatic carcinoma to bone clinical features?

A

Pain, swelling, tooth mobility, trismus

Numb chin syndrome

58
Q

metastatic carcinoma to bone radiographic features

A

ill-defined/moth-eaten radiolucent
Pathologic fracture
Widening of PDL

Path 2 (5 decks)

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