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Peds > Oral Health > Flashcards

Oral Health Flashcards

1
Q

When should the first dental visit occur

A

When teeth erupt (but the age of 1)

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2
Q

How many primary teeth are there

A

20

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3
Q

When should primary teeth erupt

A

by 3yo (4-15mos)

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4
Q

What is the normal appearance of the mouth with primary dentition

A

smooth firm pink gums with space between teeth

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5
Q

What is the major risk with primary teeth

A

Thin enamel (decay advances quickly)

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6
Q

Which babies are at risk for enamel defect/delayed eruption

A
  • Premature

- Low birth weight

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7
Q

T/F; teeth may erupt out of normal sequence

A

True

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8
Q

Age of eruption of 1st permanent molar

A

6yo (6-12yo)

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9
Q

Where does primary dentition shedding begin

A

lower incisors

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10
Q

First sign of early decay (caries)

A

*Decalcification (reversible w/ plaque removal + fluoride)- Refer

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11
Q

Moderate caries

A

Brown/black spots on smooth +/- chewing surfaces - Refer ASAP

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12
Q

major risk of severe caries

A

Fracture

2nd-Infection

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13
Q

Tx severe carries

A

OR w/ anesthesia -Refer ASAP

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14
Q

Early childhood caries (ECC)

A
  • # 1 chronic infectious disease

- Transmisible

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15
Q

What food component is ECC dependent on

A

refined carbs

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16
Q

Risk factors for high risk carries

A
  • Premature/low birthweight
  • low socioeconomic/educ level
  • Mother/caregiver/siblings hv cavities
  • chn w/ special health care needs
  • bottle use after 15mo/sweets & starchy snacks >3x/day
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17
Q

Bottle feeding content

A

breast milk
formula
water

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18
Q

Baby can only fall asleep w/ bottle containing

A

water

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19
Q

T/F; Breast milk is cariogenic

A

F

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20
Q

When should oral hygiene begin

A

once teeth are present (wipe teeth after feeding; breast/bottle)

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21
Q

When to introduce sippy cup

A

Child can sit unsupported

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22
Q

By what age should you eliminate the bottle

A

1yo

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23
Q

When can chn hv juice

A

Mealtime

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24
Q

What can chn hv btwn meals

A

Milk

Water

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25
Q

What cn child hv at bed/nap time

A

Water only

26
Q

What kind of foods should chn avoid

A

Sticky food

27
Q

What kind of food should parents provide

A

Fruits and vegetables

28
Q

What should you discourage parents from doing/allowing regarding feeding

A
  • Pretasting
  • prechewing
  • sharing utensils/pacifier
  • Grazing (esp carbs)
29
Q

Term for Emergence of primary teeth

A

Teething

30
Q

What is norm w/ teething

A

Tender swollen gums

31
Q

What is NOT norm w/ teething

A
  • Diarrhea
  • Rashes
  • Fever
32
Q

tips for teething

A
  • Something cold to chew on (pacifier, teething ring)
  • Wash teething ring regularly
  • Rub gums
  • Acetaminophen (Don’t use OTC oral teething gel)
33
Q

What age should kids quit a pacifier

A

4yo

34
Q

Effects of prolonged non-nutritive sucking

A

Problems w/ teeth/jaws (open bite/overbite)

35
Q

Norm non-nutritive sucking age range

A

2-4yo

36
Q

Tooth brushing

A

Soft tooth brush (parent)

37
Q

Tooth brushing 1-2yo

A

smear of toothpaste (parent)

38
Q

Tooth brushing 1-6yo

A

Pea-size fluoride toothpaste 2x/day (parent/supervise)

39
Q

Tooth brushing >6yo

A

Brush w/ fluoride toothpaste 2x/day (kid)

40
Q

Importance of fluoride

A

Effective prevention of ECC

41
Q

Sources of fluoride

A
  • Community tap water

- Some bottled water

42
Q

Danger of excessive systemic Fluoride

A

Fluorosis (don’t swallow)

43
Q

At what age does threat of fluorosis appear

A

8yo

44
Q

Toddler/infant toothbrush recommendation

A

Small head, large handle

45
Q

At what age can a child start brushing his own teeth

A

6yo

46
Q

When should flossing begin

A

When teeth touch (Parent-until 8-10yo)

47
Q

Most common congenital anomaly of orofacial region

A

Cleft lip/palate

48
Q

Orofacial cleft B:G ratio

A

3:2 (three to two)

49
Q

Cleft lip & palate cooccurance B:G ratio

A

2:1 (two to one)

50
Q

Types of clefts

A
  • Unilateral cleft lip
  • Bilateral cleft lip
  • Bifid uvula
  • cleft palate
  • cleft lip and palate
51
Q

What specialists are on a cleft team

A
  • Gen/Ped dentist + orthodontist
  • prosthodontist
  • plastic surgeon
  • ENT
  • Audiologist
  • Ped/PA
  • Speech pathologist
  • Psych
52
Q

When does a cleft lip happen

A

5th - 10th wk

53
Q

%age of clefts in which genetics is implicated

A

20-30%

54
Q

Cleft palate feeding problems (2)

A
  • Cnt form -ve pressue for sucking (Use Extended nipple)

- Swallowing air (burping frequently, feed upright)

55
Q

Why are cleft palate kids susceptible to ear infections

A

-Slack palate closes middle air space = -drainage -> bacteria accumulate in fluid -> hearing impairment/perm damage

56
Q

Cleft palate speech problems (4)

A
  • Retardation of consonants
  • hypernasality after surgery
  • Articulation
  • Hearing
57
Q

Cleft lip/palate associated anomalies

A

30% club foot - neuro
10% congenital heart disease
10% mental retardation

58
Q

Goal of tx of cleft palate/lip

A
  • Face that doesn’t attract attn
  • Vocal apparatus thf facilitates speech
  • Fxnal dentition + Esthetic
59
Q

How often is nasoalveolar molding worn

A

24hrs (remove only to clean)
3mo - unilateral
6mo- bilateral

60
Q

Aim of NAM

A

Aid w/ feeding

61
Q

Dental problems w/ cleft lip/palate

A

Absence of teeth/supernumeraries

Peds (11 decks)

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