Oral Health

Question 1

When should the first dental visit occur

Answer 1

When teeth erupt (but the age of 1)

Question 2

How many primary teeth are there

Answer 2

20

Question 3

When should primary teeth erupt

Answer 3

by 3yo (4-15mos)

Question 4

What is the normal appearance of the mouth with primary dentition

Answer 4

smooth firm pink gums with space between teeth

Question 5

What is the major risk with primary teeth

Answer 5

Thin enamel (decay advances quickly)

Question 6

Which babies are at risk for enamel defect/delayed eruption

Answer 6

• Premature

- Low birth weight

Question 7

T/F; teeth may erupt out of normal sequence

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Age of eruption of 1st permanent molar

Answer 8

6yo (6-12yo)

Question 9

Where does primary dentition shedding begin

Answer 9

lower incisors

Question 10

First sign of early decay (caries)

Answer 10

*Decalcification (reversible w/ plaque removal + fluoride)- Refer

Question 11

Moderate caries

Answer 11

Brown/black spots on smooth +/- chewing surfaces - Refer ASAP

Question 12

major risk of severe caries

Answer 12

Fracture

2nd-Infection

Question 13

Tx severe carries

Answer 13

OR w/ anesthesia -Refer ASAP

Question 14

Early childhood caries (ECC)

Answer 14

• # 1 chronic infectious disease

- Transmisible

Question 15

What food component is ECC dependent on

Answer 15

refined carbs

Question 16

Risk factors for high risk carries

Answer 16

• Premature/low birthweight
• low socioeconomic/educ level
• Mother/caregiver/siblings hv cavities
• chn w/ special health care needs
• bottle use after 15mo/sweets & starchy snacks >3x/day

Question 17

Bottle feeding content

Answer 17

breast milk
formula
water

Question 18

Baby can only fall asleep w/ bottle containing

Answer 18

water

Question 19

T/F; Breast milk is cariogenic

Answer 19

F

Question 20

When should oral hygiene begin

Answer 20

once teeth are present (wipe teeth after feeding; breast/bottle)

Question 21

When to introduce sippy cup

Answer 21

Child can sit unsupported

Question 22

By what age should you eliminate the bottle

Answer 22

1yo

Question 23

When can chn hv juice

Answer 23

Mealtime

Question 24

What can chn hv btwn meals

Answer 24

Milk

Water

Question 25

What cn child hv at bed/nap time

Answer 25

Water only

Question 26

What kind of foods should chn avoid

Answer 26

Sticky food

Question 27

What kind of food should parents provide

Answer 27

Fruits and vegetables

Question 28

What should you discourage parents from doing/allowing regarding feeding

Answer 28

- Pretasting - prechewing - sharing utensils/pacifier - Grazing (esp carbs)

Question 29

Term for Emergence of primary teeth

Answer 29

Teething

Question 30

What is norm w/ teething

Answer 30

Tender swollen gums

Question 31

What is NOT norm w/ teething

Answer 31

- Diarrhea - Rashes - Fever

Question 32

tips for teething

Answer 32

- Something cold to chew on (pacifier, teething ring) - Wash teething ring regularly - Rub gums - Acetaminophen (Don't use OTC oral teething gel)

Question 33

What age should kids quit a pacifier

Answer 33

4yo

Question 34

Effects of prolonged non-nutritive sucking

Answer 34

Problems w/ teeth/jaws (open bite/overbite)

Question 35

Norm non-nutritive sucking age range

Answer 35

2-4yo

Question 36

Tooth brushing

Answer 36

Soft tooth brush (parent)

Question 37

Tooth brushing 1-2yo

Answer 37

smear of toothpaste (parent)

Question 38

Tooth brushing 1-6yo

Answer 38

Pea-size fluoride toothpaste 2x/day (parent/supervise)

Question 39

Tooth brushing >6yo

Answer 39

Brush w/ fluoride toothpaste 2x/day (kid)

Question 40

Importance of fluoride

Answer 40

Effective prevention of ECC

Question 41

Sources of fluoride

Answer 41

- Community tap water | - Some bottled water

Question 42

Danger of excessive systemic Fluoride

Answer 42

Fluorosis (don't swallow)

Question 43

At what age does threat of fluorosis appear

Answer 43

8yo

Question 44

Toddler/infant toothbrush recommendation

Answer 44

Small head, large handle

Question 45

At what age can a child start brushing his own teeth

Answer 45

6yo

Question 46

When should flossing begin

Answer 46

When teeth touch (Parent-until 8-10yo)

Question 47

Most common congenital anomaly of orofacial region

Answer 47

Cleft lip/palate

Question 48

Orofacial cleft B:G ratio

Answer 48

3:2 (three to two)

Question 49

Cleft lip & palate cooccurance B:G ratio

Answer 49

2:1 (two to one)

Question 50

Types of clefts

Answer 50

- Unilateral cleft lip - Bilateral cleft lip - Bifid uvula - cleft palate - cleft lip and palate

Question 51

What specialists are on a cleft team

Answer 51

- Gen/Ped dentist + orthodontist - prosthodontist - plastic surgeon - ENT - Audiologist - Ped/PA - Speech pathologist - Psych

Question 52

When does a cleft lip happen

Answer 52

5th - 10th wk

Question 53

%age of clefts in which genetics is implicated

Answer 53

20-30%

Question 54

Cleft palate feeding problems (2)

Answer 54

- Cnt form -ve pressue for sucking (Use Extended nipple) | - Swallowing air (burping frequently, feed upright)

Question 55

Why are cleft palate kids susceptible to ear infections

Answer 55

-Slack palate closes middle air space = -drainage -> bacteria accumulate in fluid -> hearing impairment/perm damage

Question 56

Cleft palate speech problems (4)

Answer 56

- Retardation of consonants - hypernasality after surgery - Articulation - Hearing

Question 57

Cleft lip/palate associated anomalies

Answer 57

30% club foot - neuro 10% congenital heart disease 10% mental retardation

Question 58

Goal of tx of cleft palate/lip

Answer 58

- Face that doesn't attract attn - Vocal apparatus thf facilitates speech - Fxnal dentition + Esthetic

Question 59

How often is nasoalveolar molding worn

Answer 59

24hrs (remove only to clean) 3mo - unilateral 6mo- bilateral

Question 60

Aim of NAM

Answer 60

Aid w/ feeding

Question 61

Dental problems w/ cleft lip/palate

Answer 61

Absence of teeth/supernumeraries