oral exam guide Flashcards
what are the four basic dynamic forces on an aircraft during flight
lift, drag, gravity and thrust
what is centrifugal force
equal and opposite reaction (to the horiz’l component of lift)
what is an ELT
emergency locator transmitter
when is true altitude and indicated the same?
std temperature and sea level
min. visibility abv 1200and below 10000 Class G airspace
1 mile
What rate does atmospheric pressure decrease with an increase in altitude?
1” Hg per 1,000 ft
What factor primarily determines the type and vertical extent of clouds
The stability of the atmosphere
what docs are req’d on board?
Airworthiness cert.
Registration cert.
Owner’s manual and operating limitations
Weight and balance data
what is a trough?
an elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure
what is a ridge?
an elongated area of relatively high atmospheric pressure
What documents are required on board an aircraft prior to flight?
A irworthiness certificate
R egistration certificate
O wner’s manual or operating limitations
W eight and balance data
What performance characteristics will be adversely affected when an aircraft has been overloaded?
Higher take-off speed Longer take- off roll Reduced rate and angle of climb Lower maximum altitude Shorter range Reduced cruising speed Reduced maneuverability Higher stalling speed Higher landing speed Longer landing roll Excessive weight on the nose wheel
What factors affect the performance of an aircraft during take-offs and landings?
Air density (density altitude) Surface wind Runway surface Upslope or downslope of runway Weight
What are PIREPs?
Two types (routine and urgent) Information concerning weather as observed by pilots enroute
METAR
An hourly surface observation of conditions observed at an airport
What pertinent information should a weather briefing include?
Adverse conditions VFR flight not recommended Synopsis Current conditions Enroute forecast Destination forecast Winds aloft Notices to airmen (NOTAMs) ATC delay
What is RVR On the METAR report
Runway visual range
What is density altitude
Density altitude is pressure altitude correct for nonstandard temperature
What are the limitations of a pressure altimeter?
High to low or hot to cold, look out below.
Warm day …alt. Indicates lower than actual altitude.
Cold day …alt. Indicates higher than actual altitude.
Higher than standard pressure…alt. Indicates lower than actual altitude.
Define following:
Absolute altitude?
Vertical distance above actual ground
Define following:
Indicated altitude?
Altitude read directly from alt. After it is set to the current altimeter setting.
Define following:
Pressure altitude?
Adjusted to 29.92
For computing solutions to determine density altitude, true altitude, true air speed, etc.
Define following:
True altitude?
The vertical distance above sea level.
Define following:
Density altitude?
Pressure altitude corrected for non standard temperature variations.