flight training 101 Flashcards
axis twists on an aircraft
rolling. pitching. yawing
4 forces on an aircraft in flight
thrust drag lift weight
parts of aircraft body
fuselage, empennage,
wings (air foil),
power plant (incl. propeller)
what is drag
rearward retarding force
while taxing what is the oil temperature for takeoff
75%
what are the four left tendencies of the aircraft in take off
torque - use right rudder P factor. (Propeller) big bite on down spin of p blade small bite on up spin of p blade spiraling slipstream gyroscopic procession
what is the cruising rpm’s
2100-2700
what do the magnetos do
spark to the spark plugs
squawk code 7600
mayday
what six things to do before flight; ready for flight ?
1 your well being
2 current and forecast weather
3 weight and balance computation
4 take-off and landing performance for
the current weather condition
5 necessary resources
6 pre-flight briefinghorsepower of cessna 172s
180
IMSAFE
illness, medication, stress, alcohol, fatigue & food, emotion
magnetos
provide independent elect’l power to the ignition system
alternator
powers the elect’l components and keeps the battery charged
tricycle arrangement for landing gear
simplifies control during take-offs and landings
front landing gear
has no brake, steers planes on ground, supports the nose and the engine, typically lighter than others
empennage (meaning)
derived from french word meaning to feather and arrow
why fuel selector to left or right
to prevent cross feeding between tanks
rudder
a moveable surface, moves the plane to go left and right,
is used to help make smooth coordinated turns
standard atmospheric air pressure
29.92
vertical stabilizer
a fixed surface, stabilizes the aircraft and stops the nose from going left and right
6 items in current and forecast weather to be concerned about prior to flight
winds, visibility, sky condition, temperature and dew point,
altimeter setting
3 announcements verbally on take-off
take off
gauges green
air speed alive
lift nose wheel @
climb air speed @
55 KIAS
70-80 KIAS
six main instruments for flight
ASI air speed indicator VSI vertical speed indicator DG directional gyro (align w/ magnetic compass) Attitude indicator Turn coordinator Altimeter
what 2 things cause the aircraft to climb
speeding up and pulling back on yoke
cockpit controls and indicators used for engine starting
throttle mixture control master switch ignition switch and key oil pressure gauge
VFR
IFR
visual flight rules
instrument flight rules
VMC visual meteorological conditions
cloud ceiling higher than 3000 feet AGL
visibility greater than 5 statue miles (8 kilometers)
what to remove prior to flight (3 items outside and 1 inside)
wheel chocks, tie downs, pitot tube cover - control lock on yoke
items to check during the pre-flight inspection (5)
-overall aircraft structure and condition
-the area around the aircraft
-required documents
-fuel and oil
-removal of :
chocks, tie downs, control lock (on yoke), pitot cover
before starting the engine (3) and RPM after starting
parking brake set strobes and beacon on look around to make sure area is clear for prop start - 1000
GUMPS
gas both tanks under carriage fixed mixture rich power in hand seat-belts are on
in steep turn, climbs and descents what radio frequency do you turn to?
122.75
when reporting your position include (3)
1 your position relative to a land mark on the ground
2 your present altitude
3 your intentions (with flight)
critical angle of attack on a cessna skyhawk
16 degrees
aileron does?
elevator/stabilator
rudder
roll
pitch
yaw
3 axis of rotation
yaw about the vertical
pitch about the lateral
roll about the longitudinal
where do the three axis intersect
intersect at center of gravity
what 2 things does the rudder do?
corrects yaw
left turn tendency
banks are classified in three ways?
shallow 20 degrees or less
medium 20 - 45 degrees
steep 45 degrees or more
what bank would you need to reverse the ailerons to stabilize?
steep turns
P.A.V.E. what is this
Pilot, Aircraft,Environment,External pressures
Airspeed terminology KCAS KIAS KTAS VA VFE VNO VNE VS VSO VX VY
Knots calibrated
Knots indicated airspeed
Knots tire air speed
when is parasite drag the highest
fast speeds
when is induced drag the greatest
at slow speeds
5 steps to level flight
set the pitch to level and let speed bilud to about 90 kts, adjust RPM to 2300+/-, adjust the trim and then lean the mixture.
A.P.T.
altitude/airspeed , power (RPM) , trim
when reporting you position and intentions on radio
position to known landmark, your present altitude, your intentions
when turning and you move the controls, what else do you do regarding your turn (hint, yaw) & (lift)
use the rudder to assist in the direction to stop the aircraft from yawing and add some pitch up to counter the induced drag where you lose altitude.
