Oral Environment Flashcards

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1
Q

Name 5 oral fluids?

A

saliva
gingival crevicular fluid (produces oral fluid)
oral bacteria (produces acid)
food debris
epithelial cells

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2
Q

where does saliva come from?

A

major and minor salivary glands

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3
Q

describe the protective function of oral fluid.

A

CLEANSING - sallow bacteria goes with saliva
MUCOSAL PROTECTION - dry mouth from alcohol dehydration, mucosa not protected
BUFFERING - can withstand change in pH, bicarbonate in saliva
REMINERALISATION - overtime surface of tooth becomes more mineralised
ANTIMICROBIAL - controls microorganisms by destroying (reduces ability to reproduce)

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4
Q

describe the digestive function of oral fluid.

A

TASTE - chemicals allow brain to read taste
DIGESTIVE ENZYMES - amylase
LUBRICATES BOLUS - mouth has to be moist from saliva (for chewing/swallowing)

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5
Q

what is xerostomia?

A

dry mouth
reduction in salivary function
(quality or volume)

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6
Q

why might xerostomia occur?

A

symptom of salivary gland disease

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7
Q

what might xerostomia do to teeth?

A
  • increased incidence of dental caries
    (buccal and labial surfaces)
  • white spots
    (surface intact but colour change)
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8
Q

features of the salivary gland.
(endo or exo? type of secretion? arrangement?)

A

exocrine
serous or mucous secretions
compound tubulo-acinar arrangement

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9
Q

what are major salivary glands?

A

anatomically distinct and identifiable glands

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10
Q

what are minor salivary glands?

A

diffuse collections of glandular tissue lying in the lamina propria

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11
Q

name the 3 pairs or major salivary glands.

A

parotid
submandibular
sublingual

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12
Q

name the 4 minor salivary glands are where they are found?

A

buccal - cheek
labial - lip
lingual - tongue
palatal - hard and soft palate

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13
Q

what is the septa?

A

connective tissue that separates multiple acinus structures

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14
Q

what type of secretion does the buccal (minor) salivary gland produce?

A

mucous

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15
Q

what type of secretion does the labial (minor) salivary gland produce?

A

mucous

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16
Q

what type of secretion does the lingual (minor) salivary gland produce?

A

serous
mucous

both but not mixed

17
Q

what type of secretion does the palatal (minor) salivary gland produce?

A

mucous

18
Q

describe a serous acinus?
(nuclei and staining)

A

has a polarised nuclei at centre of each cell
smooth staining

19
Q

describe mucous acini?
(polarity, cytoplasm, nuclei)

A

very polarised
cytoplasm has much less stain due to high conc of proteins
nuclei well separated

20
Q

what is gingival crevicular fluid?

A

fluid from epithelium lining gingival crevice (sulcus)

  • cervicular fluid or sulcular fluid
21
Q

how much gingival crevicular fluid is produced from healthy gingivae?

A

not at lot

22
Q

what increases the production of gingival crevicular fluid?

A

inflammation
ie gingivitis